Islam originated in the mountainous southern Arabian Peninsula. Before the advent of Islam, the dominant religion was Christian, with smaller numbers of Jews and pagans. Arab paganism focussed on worship at the Ka'bah, now believed to have been built by the Prophet Abraham. Most of the numerous pagan deities were associated with natural objects, stones and stars.
Officially, the Ka'bah was dedicated to Hubal, a Nabatean deity, and there were 360 idols, tokens of all the clans, arranged around the Kabah, but by the time of the Prophet Muhammad, it seems the Ka'bah was venerated as the shrine of Al-lah, the High God.
Most of Arabs were Henotheists that means they were believing in Allah (the Creator) but worshiping idols as partners to Allah, claiming that they bring them closer to Allah. There were some minorities believing in Christianity and Judaism.
These idols had names as Aglibol, Atargatis, Hubal, Ishtar, Al-Uzza, Al-Manat, Al-Lat, Wadd, Bes (same as Egyptian Bast), Bel Shamen, Abgal, Astarte, Nergal etc. As you can see one difference is that Islam is purely monotheistic whilst Arabian paganism is henotheistic. Another difference is that using pictures to depict God is totally forbidden in Islam whilst it was common place in pagan Arabia.
Advent
Lent is the 40 days before Easter and Advent is the 4 Sundays before Christmas.
Advent includes the 4 weeks before Christmas.
Advent begins on the 4th Sunday before Christmas. Lent is the 40 days before Easter.
The celebration of Advent comprises the four weeks before Christmas.
There was a total collapse in the social order. India was divided into many small states ruled by Hindu Rajas.
There are four weeks in advent before Christmas every year changes.
What religious conditions prevailed in the days before islam
Advent begins the Church year, so technically there is nothing "before" it, but the season immediately preceding it is Ordinary Time.
advent starts on the 1st of december, so it startes 24 days before christmas not 4 weeks
Paganism, worship of varied deities, nothing very showy.
Advent is the four Sundays before Christmas. My church has an "advent wreath" with five candles (one for each of the Sundays of advent and one for Christmas eve).