A:
We can not really say where the Epistle of James was written. Tradition holds that it was written by James the brother of Jesus, in which case it must have been written before his death in the early sixties, probably in or around Jerusalem. However, only the most conservative scholars continue to accept that James the brother of Jesus was its author. As we do not know who the author was, we know little about when the letter was written and nothing about where.
In James 1:1, "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, To the twelve tribes scattered among the nations:", so it appears that James was writing to "Jewish Christians", as well as to Hebrews who had not converted to Christianity. Many scholars believe that the Book of James should not have been part of the canon of scripture, because of several contradictions to what the Apostle Paul had written.
Additional Answer:
As noted above, James wrote to the 12 tribes of Israel of the diaspora of 722-718 BC Assyrian invasion of the Northern Kingdom (10 tribes) and those of the Southern Kingdom living among them and elsewhere. Collectively, they are called Israel, of the Hebrew (Abraham) line. Judah was the 4th son/tribe and was given the nickname Jew.
James is a dual prophecy book like many are. He was writing with an understanding that he was living in the end-times, a prevalent thought among the Apostles as is reflective in their writings. Yet, James is specific of end-times in James 5:3.
The Jewish historian, Josephus also wrote about the tremendous population of the 'lost tribes' living north and east of Israel in the 1st century. Some believe these peoples migrated via the Caucasus to Northern and Western Europe.
A close read of both James and Paul, in particular, will reveal no contradictions to their statements - when read in their full context and compared to other Scripture. The Apostle Peter referred to Paul's writing as difficult to understand. The same could be said for James, the head of the Church of God at Jerusalem until circa 62 AD.
Surprisingly, to the 12 Tribes of Israel all - where 10 were suppose to be lost.
James 1:1New King James Version (NKJV) James 1Greeting to the Twelve Tribes
1 James, a bondservant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ,
To the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad:
Greetings.
James and Josephus, the 1st century Jewish historian, knew where these so called Lost Tribes where at that time. So why can't historians find them today? Or can they??
Henry Krabbendam has written: 'The Epistle of James'
Something written as a letter, such as the Epistle of James written to the Saints at Jerusalem.
James Muilenburg has written: 'Specimens of Biblical literature' -- subject(s): Bible as literature 'The literary relations of the Epistle of Barnabas and the Teaching of the Twelve Apostles' -- subject(s): Didache, Epistle of Barnabas
James Kenneth Solari has written: 'The problem of metanoia in the Epistle to the Hebrews' -- subject(s): Bible, Criticism, interpretation
Had this letter been written by James, the brother of Jesus (as some maintain) or by the apostle James, the writer would have designated himself as such in the epistle. However, James 1:1 only describes James as a servant of the Lord Jesus Christ. Although there are many echoes of Gospel sayings in this epistle, there is not even a general reference to Jesus as a teacher to be found. Martin Luther rejected the Epistle of James as apostolic, calling it worthless and an "epistle of straw". The epistle deals with moral issues, rather than Christian doctrine or the needs of the Christian Church. It could have been an early proto-Christian letter or, alternatively, a much later work intended to combat 'heretical' (gnostic) ideas within the early church.
Epistles to the Thessalonians written from Corinth. Epistles to the Corinthians. Epistle to the Galations. Epistle to the Romans written from Corinth. Epistle to the Philippians. Epitle to the Colossians. Epistle to Philemon. Epistle to the Hebrews. Epistle to Titus.
Thomas Manton has written: 'An exposition on the epistle of James' -- subject(s): Bible 'A fifth volume of sermons'
Edwin T. Winkler has written: 'Commentary on the epistle of James' -- subject(s): Commentaries, Bible
There is a book of James in the bible.
James Foote Holcomb has written: 'In the heart of India' -- subject(s): Missions, History 'The Epistle of Paul to the Philippians' -- subject(s): Commentaries, Bible
The Epistle of James
Darian R. Lockett has written: 'Purity and worldview in the Epistle of James' -- subject(s): Bible, Criticism, interpretation, Language, style