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The first cervical vertebra (C1) and the second cervical vertebra (C2) are atypical vertebrae due to the fact that the structures of these vertebrae are unlike the rest of the cervical spine vertebrae. The C1, also known as the atlas, is a ring-like structure which allows the beginning of the spinal cord to pass through form the base of the skull. The C2, also known as the axis, is the largest of the cervical vertebrae in vertical dimension as it contains an extension of bone called the odontoid process that extends up into the ring of the atlas. This area of the neck is the most freely moveable as the majority of side-to-side rotation occurs at C1 on C2 and is also most important neurologically as this area of the spinal cord controls heart, breathing and posture of the human being.

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14y ago
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11y ago

the c1 also called the atlas articulates with the base of the occipital bone. Unlike the C2 the atlas has no body or spinous process. The c2 or axis articulates with the c1. The c2 or axis has a body and a 'odontoid process' or 'dens' that articulates with the c1 facet, allowing you to indicate 'no' by rotating your skull.

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Q: Why are atlas sacral and urostyle classified as atypical vertebrae?
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