Mustafa Kemal Pasha - the founder of Modern Turkey, and his followers' ideas were spread enough to convince the people that the Sultan's and/or caliphate's presence was danger to the freedom of the people - considering the empire was occupied by many European armies and Sultan was unable to generate solutions.
There are numerous reasons for the decline and fall of the Ottoman Empire. The five most important reasons are the following:
Failure to Modernize: The leaders of the Ottoman Empire did not invest in modern technologies and did not take advantage of the Scientific Revolution in Europe and Enlightenment. Religious Authorities in the Ottoman Empire prevented modernization reforms. The Tanzimat Reforms that did come were too little too late. Additionally, Sunni Muslims had distinct privileges that non-Muslims (Jews and Christians) were not entitled to, leading to inequality and resentment. This led to stagnation in Ottoman development whereas the rest of Europe was advancing rapidly. Some individuals wanted to push for greater technological and social advancement, calling themselves the Jön Türkler (Young Turks). These people would ultimately lead the overthrow of the government and the establishment of the Turkish Republic.
Ethnic Nationalism: Especially in the Balkans, but also to a limited degree elsewhere in the empire, people were swept up in the cause of nationalism. This happened especially among the Christian minorities of Southeastern Europe because of the inequalities they faced. The Greeks, Serbs, Bulgarians, and Romanians all declared independence and fought the Ottoman Armies to gain that independence. This led to a large decrease in Ottoman territory and a drain on the Ottoman Army and Janissary Recruitment. There were also bitter fights between these newly independent states, especially between Greece and Bulgaria over who would get to claim regions still under Ottoman control like Thrace and Macedonia.
Economic and Military Pressures: This period was also notable for Austrian and Russian Imperialism which led to numerous wars between those two empires and the Ottoman Empire. These were incredibly draining on the Ottoman treasury and exhausting for the Ottoman Army. The Ottoman Empire racked up incredible debts to continue arming themselves with hand-me-down weapons from Western countries. The over-expansion of the Ottoman Empire in World War I ended up destroying the country.
Religious Opposition to Changes: Many political reforms that the Ottomans tried to implement were done to increase the secularization of the Turkish States, as a result, the Muslim clergy, which had historically had a large role in governance had their political roles threatened. They rose to defend their interests in maintaining political power. Additionally, the clergy lamented that the focus of education would now be to learn secular knowledge and sciences as opposed to religious education. These clerics feared that a whole new generation of Muslims would grow up without their religion or with a minimal understanding of it. They saw what modernization had done to religiosity in Europe and wished to prevent this.
Foreign Imperialism: Britain, France, Italy, and Russia greatly desired to control lands that had historically been Ottoman Territories. As a result, they fought numerous wars against the Ottomans to acquire these choice territories. In addition to causing the massive expenditures on military development as mentioned above, they also caused the Ottoman Empire to lose some of its most profitable and populous areas, like Egypt, Libya, and Crimea.
The 2 empires that continued to spread the Arab empire after it collapsed were:The Ottoman and Mogul empires.
Ottoman Empire collapsed in 1923 with the rise of latter state Turkey. Turkey was founded in 1923.1922
The Ottoman Empire collapsed follwoing its participation in WW1.
Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantines Empire, was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. No one country took over the Ottoman empire. The Ottoman Empire lost Algeria and Tunisia to the French in 1830 and 1881, Egypt to the British in 1879 and Libya to the Italians in 1912. The empire collapsed when it lost the First World War. The British took over Iraq, Jordan and Palestine. The French took over Syria and Lebanon.
The Ottoman Empire collapsed and disintegrated after World War 1. Many parts of it became independent countries, or League of Nations Mandates governed by the victorious French or English. The relatively small remainder became Turkey.
The 2 empires that continued to spread the Arab empire after it collapsed were:The Ottoman and Mogul empires.
There are a couple errors with the question. The Turkish Republic (not empire) westernized after the Ottoman Empire collapsed in World War I (not II). The individual, though, that you are looking for is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
Ottoman Empire collapsed in 1923 with the rise of latter state Turkey. Turkey was founded in 1923.1922
Ottomon empire in turkey collapsed when it is defeated by Germany in ww1.
The Ottoman Empire collapsed follwoing its participation in WW1.
Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire. Five Empires went into WWI, and only one came out, the British Empire. Also toppled were the German Empire, the Russian Empire, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk .
Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantines Empire, was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. No one country took over the Ottoman empire. The Ottoman Empire lost Algeria and Tunisia to the French in 1830 and 1881, Egypt to the British in 1879 and Libya to the Italians in 1912. The empire collapsed when it lost the First World War. The British took over Iraq, Jordan and Palestine. The French took over Syria and Lebanon.
The Ottoman Empire collapsed and disintegrated after World War 1. Many parts of it became independent countries, or League of Nations Mandates governed by the victorious French or English. The relatively small remainder became Turkey.
Ottoman Empire officially collapsed at the conclusion of WWI, when the Allied Forces defeated the Central Powers. Most of it's holdings were dispersed as colonies (mandates) to Britain, France, and other major victors of WWI. So, technically the Ottoman Empire was conquered by the winning alliance of WWI also known as the Triple Entente, which at the end of WWI consisted of Britain, France, the USA, Japan.
The empires that were lost as a result of WWI were Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Germany lost its colonies.