The equator is an intensely heated throughout the year .
Due to the intense heating the air in this region becomes warm and light and it rises above creating a partial vacuum .(As you know vacuum leads to decrease in air pressure)
As a result a region of permanent low pressure is created called the equatorial low pressure belt.
The atmosphere pressure at the equator is generally low. This is due to the vast amounts of warm air at equatorial the regions, which are caused by solar radiation and convective heating.
The region close to the equator gets maximum heat from the sun.This causes cool winds from north and south to blow towards the equator. Hence an equator has a region of low pressure.
As we know that equator is a very very hot area.The air over it becomes warmer due to the heat of the sun and rises up. That is why air over the equator have low pressure.
The equator, on average, recieves the most warmth from the sun. Warm air tends to rise, which creates reduces the pressure at the surface.
because the equator is at the center of the earth
"Warm air tends to have low pressure. Warm air molecules are more active and thus need more space to move around, thus being less dense." This is true with air aloft. However the surface air. which is the air you feel has the opposite effect. cold air is at a higher pressure than warm air at the surface creating a cycle. This also explains how sea breezes and land breezes form.
The Intertropical Coverance Zone. Or to abbreviate, ITCZ.
Equatorial Low
Wind.
in equitorial low pressure belt , low pressure is due to 1) intense heating 2) rate of rotation of earth is max. at equator . this results in max centrifugal force at equator which pushes the air away from the surface and causes low pressure condition.
The low pressure area at the Equator.
The 30 degree latitude area is at the high pressure region developed by the sinking air from the Hadley Cell created by the low pressure rising air at the equator. Winds move from high to low pressure areas. The doldrums are located at the equator, this is a low pressure area. When the air sinks at the 30 degree latitude air moves away from the 30 toward the equator and 60 degree latitudes. Since air does not move toward the 30, there is no way to bring the maritime air masses to those desert areas.
"Warm air tends to have low pressure. Warm air molecules are more active and thus need more space to move around, thus being less dense." This is true with air aloft. However the surface air. which is the air you feel has the opposite effect. cold air is at a higher pressure than warm air at the surface creating a cycle. This also explains how sea breezes and land breezes form.
Cool air is an area of low pressure because temperature is directly proportional to pressure. So when the pressure is low, the air is cool (low temperature).
The Intertropical Coverance Zone. Or to abbreviate, ITCZ.
equator
Equatorial Low
Westerlies
Wind.
Air.
in equitorial low pressure belt , low pressure is due to 1) intense heating 2) rate of rotation of earth is max. at equator . this results in max centrifugal force at equator which pushes the air away from the surface and causes low pressure condition.
Doldrums