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orientation of incoming Nitro group is destined by already present group on benzene ring . if already present group is electron donating group, it will promote electron density at ortho and para position and , therefore, nitro group is formed on ortho and para position.
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What is ortho effect in aniline?
the ortho effect operates due to position of substituted group in ortho position. it increases the steric repulsion in 'amino' grup of aniline there by decreasing its basicity ,i.e tendency to accept proton.
What is ortho meta and para in benzene?
ortho-para in benzene is meaningless these positions are for monosubstituted benzene. Meta is positions 3 and 5. Ortho is position 2 and 6 with relation to already attached group, para is 4 (opposite) to attached group.
Why halogens that is deactivate group attack to ortho and para position?
Because of mesomeric effect, the electron density on the ortho and para positions for the aromatic ring is more.
Why is the nitro group a meta director?
nitro group is very electronegative,so it withdraws electron from the benzene ring so as to destabalize the carbocations in the ortho- and para- position. Nitro group is also fairly bulky so steric hinderance limits the formation of ortho product.ok?
Do ortho nitro phenol and para nitro phenol have hydrogen bonding in their molecules?
Otho nitro phenols have intra cellular H bonds.Para nitro phenols have inter cellular H bonds.
What is ortho effect in aniline?
the ortho effect operates due to position of substituted group in ortho position. it increases the steric repulsion in 'amino' grup of aniline there by decreasing its basicity ,i.e tendency to accept proton.
Why ortho benzoic acid is more acidic than para osomer?
Nitro group (-NO2), having -I and -R effect, is an electron withdrawing and deactivating group. Due to both these effects, it decreases electron density around the -COOH group of substituted(ortho, meta & para) benzoic acids and releases H+ ions, making these acidic. The nitrobenzoic acid which releases H+ group more easily is the most acidic. Due to ortho effect, ortho acids are more acidic than all other substituted acids(even if an electron donating group is present at the ortho position. The only exception is -NH2 group, in which ortho- aminobenzoic acid is NOT the strongest acid). Regarding acidity of meta and para acids, consider I and R effects. Inductive effects of meta and para acids reduce electron density around -COOH group, whereas resonance does not occur at meta position. It only occurs at para position, making the nitro group at para position a more strong withdrawer of electrons. Thus para-nitro benzoic acid is more acidic than meta-nitro benzoic acid. In short, the higher acidity of p-nitrobenzoic acid compared to m-nitrobenzoic acid is attributed to its -I and -R effect.
What is ortho meta and para in benzene?
ortho-para in benzene is meaningless these positions are for monosubstituted benzene. Meta is positions 3 and 5. Ortho is position 2 and 6 with relation to already attached group, para is 4 (opposite) to attached group.
Why halogens that is deactivate group attack to ortho and para position?
Because of mesomeric effect, the electron density on the ortho and para positions for the aromatic ring is more.
Why is the nitro group a meta director?
nitro group is very electronegative,so it withdraws electron from the benzene ring so as to destabalize the carbocations in the ortho- and para- position. Nitro group is also fairly bulky so steric hinderance limits the formation of ortho product.ok?
Do ortho nitro phenol and para nitro phenol have hydrogen bonding in their molecules?
Otho nitro phenols have intra cellular H bonds.Para nitro phenols have inter cellular H bonds.
Why is only 4-bromoacetanilide created mainly from a bromination of acetanilide?
The Acetanilide is a benzene with a acetamido group attached to it. The acetamido group is electron donating and therefore it directs other substituents to the ortho and para positions. The acetamido group is also a very large group and the ortho position is right besides the acetamido group. This creates steric hindrance from bromine from getting to the ortho position and therefore only para-bromoacetanilide or 4-bromoacetanilide is created mainly from a bromination of acetanilide.
What is the ortho-peradirective nature?
I think you're asking about ortho-para directors. o,p directors are groups bonded to a benzene ring that direct additional groups in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions to attach to the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring. Ortho is the position next to the group and para is the position across from the group on the benzene ring. o,p directors are electron donating groups such as methoxy groups. These groups stabilize the positive charge created in the intermediate when the electrophile adds to the ortho and para positions. o,p directors do not, however, stabilize the positive charge when the electrophile adds to the meta position and therefore only allow addition to the ortho and para positions (thus the name ortho-para director).
What is the reaction of phenol with Bromine?
The hydroxyl group in phenol is an activating ortho/para director, but has some slight steric hindrance too ortho position substitution. Therefore, the predominant product of reaction between phenol and bromine will be 4-bromophenol, if reaction conditions are carefully controlled. With excess bromine, di- and tri-bromo phenols will be formed.
Why para-nitro acetanilide is insoluble in water whereas ortho-nitro acetanilide is soluble in water?
p-nitro phenol has a symmetric structure as compare to o-nitro phenol so it has higher dipole moment or polarity so is more soluble.
Ortho effect on acidity of carboxylic acid?
ortho effect reduces acidity of carboxylic acid. It is due to steric hindrance at ortho position
What are the examples of Ortho and para directing group and mata directing group?
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution is an example of Ortho and para directing group and meta directing group.
