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There is no such a thing as a thermocouple volt meter. A analogue or digital millivolt meter or volt meter is connected across a shunt or parallel with the shunt to measure the current through the resistor. Say the resistor value = 1 Ohm, then by using the Ohm law formula to calculate the current, say the voltage (voltage drop), read on the volt meter is 1.5 Volt that is R*V = A that is, 1Ω*1.5V = 1.5 Amp.

Any type of DC volt meter, analogue or digital can be used to measure the voltage across a capacitor if the value of the capacitor is large enough that reading will be true RMS. as long as the supply current (EMF Power) are larger than the load current.

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Q: Why thermocouple voltmeter is connected across shunt resistance and electronic voltmeter across capacitor?
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Which Capacitor should be connected in one direction?

The electrolytic capacitor should be connected in only one direction.


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A capacitor that is suddenly connected to a battery will charge to the battery voltage. The time to do this is dependent on the current capacity of the battery and wiring, and the capacitance of the capacitor. This represents an instantaneous short circuit, which lasts for a (usually) very short time - but damage could be done if there was no resistance. A charged capacitor that is suddenly disconnected from a battery will hold that voltage. The length of time it will hold is dependent on how much leakage current there is.


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Because it is simple phenomenon of electricity everything(resistance,capacitor,inductor) connected in parallel holds the same voltage across the each parallel element.


What would happen to the current flow in a dc circuit when the capacitor is fully charged?

A capacitor charge as a time constant of R resistance C capacitance in ufd and it is defined as 63% for one time constant for the constant voltage source. Electronic engineers assume that a capacitor is fully charged by a 5 times constant. however mathematically speaking it will never be fully charged for obvious reasons. Therefore the answer is current will never stop/


What is the effect on the supply current if the capacitor removed?

It depends on how the capacitor is connected and whether the supply voltage is a.c. or d.c. Assuming you are talking about a power-factor improvement capacitor (connected in parallel with an inductive load, supplied with a.c.), then the supply current will reduce.

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