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CaCl2 (s) -> Ca+2 (aq) + 2 Cl-1 (aq).

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Q: Write an equation showing how calcium chloride dissociates in water?
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What is the reaction of breaking down substances into simpler components?

In breaking-down reactions one substance breaks up into a number of smaller ones. For example, some photographic film is coated with silver chloride (AgCl), a substance that breaks down when light falls on it, leaving a dark image, or negative, on the film. Two products are formed from this reaction, silver (Ag) and chlorine gas (Cl2). The reaction could be written: • as a word equation: silver chloride → silver + chlorine • as an unbalanced formula equation: AgCl → Ag + Cl2 • showing the states of matter: AgCl(s) → Ag(s) + Cl2 (g) Breaking-down reactions are also known as decomposition reactions. Source: Science Dimentions 2 textbook


Why do chloride ions have a smaller ionic radius than sodium ions?

They do not. Sodium ions have a smaller ionic radius than chloride ions. This is because with the chloride ion, the 17 protons have more difficulty attracting 18 electrons in the Cl- ion than sodium does with 11 protons and only 10 electrons to attract with the Na+ ion. With sodium there is 1/11= 10% more attraction (by excess) than in neutral state and hence a smaller ionic radius. With chlorine 1/17= 5.5% less attraction by proton 'shortage' and hence a larger ionic radius. At the related link there are diagrams of sodium chloride showing the larger size of the chloride ion.


Can a 1.446 g sample of potassium reacts with 8.178 g of chlorine to produce potassium chloride as the only product?

Yes. The formula for potassium chloride is KCl, showing that equal numbers of atoms of potassium and chlorine are required to form the compound. The gram atomic masses of these two atoms are close enough that the given amounts of the two elements show far more than enough chlorine to complete the reaction. Therefore, the only product of the reaction will be potassium chloride, but there will be a considerable amount of unreacted chlorine remaining after the reaction is complete.

Related questions

What is an equation showing how calcium chloride dissociates in water?

CaCl2 + H2O = CaO + 2HCl


How many grams of calcium are in 19050.9 g calcium chloride?

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