The Andromeda's galactic nucleus is a black hole weighing about 3-5 x 10^7 Solar masses, surrounded by a dense cluster of stars. The structure there seems to hint it has a double nucleus.

Nothing. They are the same

They are both spiral galaxies, except the Milky Way is a barred spiral and the Andromeda is a typical spiral galaxy. The Andromeda has at least twice as many stars as the Milky Way, and it has more mass. The galaxies are going to merge in 4 billion years, and now they are about 2 million light years apart.

We expect the Andromeda galaxy to be just like our own Milky Way galaxy.

We can see stars (suns) in the Andromeda Galaxy and just as stars have planets orbiting them in our galaxy, we believe that there must be planets also orbiting stars in the Andromeda galaxy.

It is not known. The Andromeda Galaxy contains about a trillion stars, many of which certainly have planets, though we don't know how many. Many of the planets likely have moons. All told, there are likely several hundred billion to several trillion moons in the Andromeda Galaxy.

The Andromeda Galaxy does not orbit a sun as a planet does; it is an immense cloud consisting of as many as 1 trillion stars, each of which can be considered a sun.

The Andromeda Galaxy was created in 1992.

A for Andromeda ended on 1961-11-14.

Farewell Andromeda was created in 1973-06.

The basic premise is that the Andromeda Galaxy is 2.5 million light years away, so light from it takes 2.5 million years to reach it. Therefore we see it not as it is now but as it was 2.5 million years ago. The idea that it might no longer exist is rather absurd. A few million years may seem long to us but it is a very short time in terms of how galaxies evolve. It is in all likelihood impossible for a galaxy to experience any significant change in such a relatively short period of time.

A galaxy cluster consists of several galaxy groups, each of which in turn contains several galaxies. So no; a galaxy cluster is MUCH bigger than any individual galaxy.

Yes, it does, the rotation period can be calculated using 21cm radio waves and the Doppler principle.

Answer:

All galaxies rotate as do all planets around stars and just about everything else.

It is the centripetal force of rotation that prevents objects from falling together due to the attractive force of gravity.

If an isolated mass of stars or dust or gas were assembled in space and the contents had no rotational motion, the whole mass would begin to accelerate towards its own center due to gravity. So, while such clumps of matter can exist, they have all presumably condensed into planets or star or black holes.

None of them made today.

It won't be here ! Scientists estimate our sun has about 6,000 years left until it balloons into a red-giant, before exploding into a supernova - which will wipe out all but the outer-most planets. Additionally, the galaxy Andromeda is on a collision course with our Milky Way. This collision will all-but destroy all traces of our solar system.

That would be an immense number. Light, itself, takes about 2.54 million years to go from Andromeda to Earth. (Or vice-versa).

The number of kilometers is about 23 quintillion.

100,00 light years away.