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amino acid
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∙ 11y ago
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When does the polypeptide stop growing?
It reaches a stop codon on the mRNA molecule
What is the stop codon in most molecules of mRNA?
stop codon on mRNA
What are four examples of codons and what are the instructions they encode?
Codon is a group of three bases on a DNA molecule, each determining the identity of one amino acid in proteins made by a cell. An example of a codon is the mRNA sequence of AUG.
How codons are used to build protein?
Aside from starting and stopping the translation process each codon triplet is the code for one amino acid. As there are 64 codons the amino acid code is redundant. So, ACU, could be the code for one amino acid in the mRNA coding sequence. Google codon table.
How many MRNA nucleotides make up a codon?
An mRNA codon is 3 bases long and can contain 4 different bases (A, U, C and G).Therefore there are 64 (4 X 4 X 4) different combinations.Many of these will code for the same amino acid. For example; UCA, UCU, UCC and UCG all code for the amino acid Serine.
When does the polypeptide stop growing?
It reaches a stop codon on the mRNA molecule
What is the stop codon in most molecules of mRNA?
stop codon on mRNA
If an mRNA is made up of 60 bases how many codons does it contain and how many amino acid does it code for?
A codon is exactly three bases long, so an mRNA strand with 60 bases would contain 20 codons. The first codon will encode for methionine (this is called the "start" codon) and the last codon will be a "stop" codon, which does not encode for an amino acid. Thus, an mRNA strand of 60 bases will code for 19 amino acids. Keep in mind, it is possible for a stop codon to be anywhere on the mRNA strand, and when a stop codon reaches the ribosome, translation must stop. For example, if an mRNA strand contained 30 codons, and the 15th were a stop codon, the mRNA would only code for 14 amino acids and then be done. The other 15 codons would go untranslated.
What protein sequence is coded by the code UAG?
The sequence UAG is the mRNA codon that means "stop" and does not code for an amino acid.
What does a codon code for?
A stop codon signals the end of an amino acid chains A STOP codon marks the end of a segment of DNA that is to be transcribed. During transcription, a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized. The base sequence of this RNA is determined by the base sequence of the template strand of the DNA being transcribed.When the transcription process reaches a STOP codon, that codon is the last to be transcribed. The mRNA therefore ends with a STOP codon. By convention, the gene is considered to be the base sequence on the non-template strand of DNA, and there are three STOP codons: TAA, TGA, TAG. Any one of these marks the end of the gene.The corresponding STOP codons in mRNA are: UAA, UGA, UAG.Mitochondria contain DNA, with 37 genes. In animals, mitochondrial DNA uses TGA (UGA in the mRNA) to code for one of the amino acids, tryptophan, and not as a STOP codon. Plant mitochondria use the "standard" code, with three STOP codons.
What is a good description of messenger RNA?
mRNA codons pair with the template strand of DNA in order to make a molecule of mRNA that will move out of the nucleus to a ribosome in order to be translated into a sequence of amino acids that will make a protein. Each mRNA codon represents an amino acid, or a stop or start codon.
Which mRNA codons will start the process of translation?
If you're referring to stop codons, then there are three: UAA, UAG and UGA. They do indeed stop translation, though I wouldn't say they halt ribosomes. Stop codons code for a releaser enzyme, one that fits the A site of the ribosome, but does not carry an amino acid. This enzyme cuts the bond between the polypeptide and the last tRNA.
What are four examples of codons and what are the instructions they encode?
Codon is a group of three bases on a DNA molecule, each determining the identity of one amino acid in proteins made by a cell. An example of a codon is the mRNA sequence of AUG.
What functions are carried out by those few codons tat do not code for amino acid?
They(UAA, UAG, & UGA stop codons) cause the ribosome to stop translating an mRNA
What is the third codon in the mrna you produce in?
What the third codon is differs depending on the type of mRNA used for translation. The one thing that all translations have in common is that they all start with methionine (AUG), the start codon, and end with one of several stop codons. Everything in between is determined by the mRNA.
Briefly describe how the process of translation is started?
In the cytoplasm, rRNA binds to the "start" codon of a mRNA molecule. Next, a tRNA molecule with the complimentary anticodon binds to the mRNA start codon and releases an amino acid. As the mRNA moves through the rRNA, new tRNA's come along and bind to the mRNA, adding a new amino acid each time. Eventually a "stop" codon is reached, and the rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA break apart, releasing a long chain of amino acids which will fold into a protein.
Is each amino acid coded for by a unique set of codons?
Yes, each amino acid is encoded by three bases in the mRNA molecule, however not all bases in the mRNA encode for an amino acid. For example; UAG, UGA and UAA are termed stop codons which do not encode for an amino acid, but rather signal for translation to stop and cause the ribosome to dissociate from the mRNA. Also, all bases after the stop codon or before the start codon (AUG) will not code for amino acids.
