They are: Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique, Hazrat Umar Farooq, Hazrat Usman Ghani, Hazrat Ali (May Allah be pleased with them all).
Muslims argue that they were guided by a strong sense of ethics and religion, e.g. God was guiding their hand through their understanding of Islam.
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The first four Caliphs in Islam are regarded as the Khulfa-e-Rashidun or The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs. These caliphs are regarded as the most famous and comprise of Hazrat Abu Bakr, Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Usman as well as Hazrat Ali.
I assume the you are asking within the time of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and the Umayyad Caliphs. Asia Minor at that time was held by the Byzantine Empire which was more capable of defending the Anatolian highlands than was the Arab cavalry at taking it.
1. Abu-Bakr2. Umar3. Uthman4. AliBecause they used the Qur'an and Muhammad's actions as guides to their leadership.Mustang523- The rightly guided caliphs also cared about spreading Islam unlike the Umayyads who only cared about wealth and riches. The rightly guided caliphs are given this name also because they had strong leadership and they were wise. During the rightly guided caliphs rein, they conquered many new lands.I hope you all got a good answer from this that i wrote. :]
None. Caliphs came to power in the Medieval Period. As for the Medieval period, the Caliphs were the leaders of the Muslim Empires called Caliphates. The four first Caliphs were called the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and they also had some religious authority in Islam. Because of the barbarity of the Umayyad Caliphs, the religious authority left the Caliphs and vested in the local Imams. Religious authority would return to the Caliphs in the mid-1500s in the Ottoman Empire until Atatürk abolished the Caliphate in 1936.
Greedy people want god's salvation.He is just one of them, and with the people.Can be said to be the faith in their heart, so finally get god's blessing, achieve success together.
To rule according to the teachings of Islam. Being just, kind and caring to all the people living under them.
The 1st Caliph of the Islamic Empire after the Prophet Muhammad's (saw) death was Abu Bakr. Sunni: They believe that the first 4 Caliphs were the Rashidun Caliphs (Rightly Guided), and that they were the righteous Caliphs.Shi'a: They believe that Abu Bakr shouldn't have been the Caliph, as it should have been Ali ibn Abu Talib.I hope you got the answer you were looking for here!
The first Four Caliphs are termed "Rashidoon" the Rightful. The first two were the Fathers-in-Law of the Holy Prophet SAW and his closest friends and associates. The latter two were the Sons-in-Law of the holy Prophet SAW. The first three were agreed upon by all Muslims (Companions), the fourth Hazrat Ali RAU was disputed as he became Caliph in very disturbed days of Islam.
In 661, Muawiyah, the founder of the Umayyad Dynasty successfully defeated Ali and ended the Rightly-Guided Caliphate. The way Caliphs (Islamic Rulers) had come to power was through minor elections between those closest to the Prophet. Most believe that the Rightly-Guided Caliphs were people who attempted to guide Islam properly and were only interested in benefiting their people and expanding Islam. Muawiyah made control of the Islamic Empire hereditary (the Umayyad and Abbassid Empires were both hereditary) and the Umayyad Caliphs were seen to be incredibly ostentatious and non-religious. As Umayyads expanded their power, they began to set up regional governors and entrusted them with a lot of local authority. Also, the religious elite separated from the Umayyads and made the judiciary (which was run by the religious elite) a more independent body from the Caliph.
Only the first Four Caliphs are called the Rightly Guided Caliphs because they were the most near ones and loved ones of the Holy Prophet SAW. They ruled according to the teachings of the Qur'an and the Sunnah.
The farthest east area with Muslim-majority population are the Halmahera Islands in the Indonesian archipelago.