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The President
the vice president
Assuming the President cannot or will not do so himself/herself, according to the US Constitution, Amendment XXV, it's the Vice President plus a majority of Cabinet officers (in writing).
Written notice of a U.S. President's inability to act as President must be sent to the President pro-tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives by the President himself or by the Vice President and a majority of the President's Cabinet (25th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution).
Sections 3 and 4 of the 25th amendment fill the disability gap, and in detail. The vice president is to become Acting President if 1) the president informs congress in writing, "that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office," or 2) the vice president and a majority of members of the cabinet inform congress, in writing, that the president is so incapacitated.
This is called a pocket veto by the President. He figuratively puts the bill away in his pocket. He can only do this if he has the bill for less that 10 days when Congress adjourns . If he gets the bill more than 10 days before Congress adjourns, it becomes law even if he does not sign it unless he vetoes it and so informs Congress.
The job of dealing with foreign relations is primarily that of the executive branch, although the president traditionally informs Congress and receives it's input towards the issue of dealing with other countries.
The iinaugural address means a speech given by a president (Obama) that informs the duties of the president during his/her years of presidency.
The Constitution requires a super majority (two thirds) of the Senate to ratify a treaty. However presidents have also signed -- and courts have upheld -- two other types of international accords: * Congressional Executive Agreements (CEAs) need to pass both houses of Congress, but don't require a super majority * Sole-executive Agreements are passed by the president, who informs Congress
On June 12, 1862, President Lincoln secretly informs Secretaries Seward and Welles about his intention to issue an emancipation proclamation. Lincoln informs them that the document is still in draft form.
While technically the President cannot declare war without Congress, under the War Powers Resolution of 1973, the President can send troops into combat as long as he informs Congress within 48 hours of doing so . Then he has 60 days and then another 30 days for withdrawal before he has to get Congressional approval or a formal declaration of war. Congress has to approve any additional funds that an undeclared war requires.
That is the correct spelling of "informs" (tells, or gives information).