Some synagogue artifacts are:
aaron kodesh-"holy ark" which contains Torah scrolls
Torah scrolls- parchment scrolls on which The Bible is written
bimah-table where Torah scrolls are read
ner tamid- "eternal light" is a lamb that reminds Jews of the temple in Jerusalem
mechitzah- divider between male and female prayer areas
Torah cover-cloth fabric covering the Torah scrolls when not in use
yad- "hand" a metal, sticklike instrument used to mark one's place when reading the Torah
parochet-curtain that covers the ark
Elijah's chair-traditional chair reserved for Elijah the prophet. used only during brit mila
Statues are forbidden, since they might be misconstrued as an item of worship. Artwork may be found in the form of embroidery for the purpose of decoration. Paintings, if they are found at all, will be placed on a wall which is not in the direction of the prayers.
Yes: the Torah-scroll, in the Holy Ark. There are also chairs or benches, shelves for prayerbooks, a special table on which the Torah is read, and a lectern where the leader of the prayers stands. Anything else is optional.
no
There is no special requirement for the outside of a synagogue.
There is no special place in a synagogue called a "meeting place"
the only special building and the only one is the synagogue
If you are Christian, why is your church special, if you are Jewish, why is you synagogue special? Answer those questions to find out why a mosque is special.
Historical synagogues are those that have a special place in history. So, the first synagogue in any particular country would be classified as historical, as would the oldest surviving synagogue in that country. Good examples would be the Touro Synagogue in Rhode Island, the Rashi Synagogue in Worms and the Old New Synagogue in Prague. Any synagogue where someone historically important would also qualify. So, for example, the Ramban Synagogue in Jerusalem, founded by the great medieval rabbi Nachmanides, would qualify. Ancient synagogues that are now merely archaeological sites are another category that would qualify.
Wrong. The seder is held at home, and the special festival prayer-services are held in the synagogue.
Historical artifacts are likely to be displayed in a museum, in a stately home, or in a special display in a library.
as artifacts that have special meaning for a character
There is no special word for the steps in a synagogue. You may be thinking of the raised platform in the front or center of the chapel which is called a bima.
Yes, artifacts related to religion can include religious texts, sculptures, paintings, ceremonial clothing, and ritual objects used in religious practices. These artifacts provide insights into the beliefs, traditions, and practices of various religious groups throughout history.
In the home and in the prayer-services. See also:http://judaism.answers.com/jewish-holidays/hanukkah