No, unless they offer emergency service after hours. Most vets don't and the ones that do usually have two or more that take turns.
threating the sick and wounded animals
Both - some veterinarians work in a clinic (inside) while other veterinarians have an ambulatory clinic and work on the farm (outside).
Vacations with pay are part of a typical benefits package provided to veterinarians. The length of the vacation varies according to the policy of the practice, usually related to experience (for a new employee to the practice) and the years with the practice (the longer a veterinarian is with a practice the more vacation time they receive).
Most veterinarians work a fair amount of overtime, but the pay for doing so varies by clinic. Some veterinarians are paid extra for emergency calls, and veterinarians who are paid on commission will earn extra money based upon the additional clinic income.
Some veterinarians do remain on call any hour of the day as well as all weekend and through holidays; however, this is becoming the exception rather than the norm. Some vet clinics do offer emergency service, but the veterinarians within the clinic take turns covering the emergency service so everyone gets a chance to be home with family and get some good sleep.
This will depend upon the clinic. Most small animal practitioners have limited night emergency calls, particularly those in large population bases that can support a dedicated emergency veterinary clinic. In contrast, almost all large animal practitioners do work some nights on emergency calls, particularly during the calving season.
Veterinarians tend to not use quotes, unless that is part of the clinic culture and environment they are trying to create.
Most new veterinarians start their careers at a private practice clinic working with one or more other veterinarians with more experience.
Yes, there are many veterinarians who routinely work cooperatively with their vet tech team and don't yell at them. If you are currently working at a difficult clinic, I suggest looking around for another clinic to work at.
A fair number of veterinarians name their clinic after themselves; for instance, a hypothetical Dr. Harris may name his veterinary clinic Harris Vet Clinic.
Most equine veterinarians work on the farms, stables, tracks and show rings where horses are housed at. Some equine veterinarians work in a clinic where horses can be brought for specialized diagnostics and treatment.
Yes to both - veterinarians can be promoted from associate veterinarian to partner of a clinic and eventually become the owner of the clinic. Also, most veterinarians do see pay raises every year, particularly if they are paid based upon production.