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Henry Fayol treated management as its own discipline and used a systemic approach to analyze the process. Frederick Winslow Taylor applied scientific methods to management to reduce the wasting of resources.
Frederick Taylor was the father of scientific management theory. His contributions include the application of engineering and scientific knowledge in management.
Frederick Taylor
Fayol has been described as the father of modern operational management theory (George, p. 146). Although his ideas have become a universal part of the modern management concepts, some writers continue to associate him with Frederick Winslow Taylor. Taylor's scientific management deals with the efficient organisation of production in the context of a competitive enterprise that has to control its production costs. That was only one of the many areas that Fayol addressed. Perhaps the connection with Taylor is more one of time, than of perspective. According to Claude George (1968), a primary difference between Fayol and Taylor was that Taylor viewed management processes from the bottom up, while Fayol viewed it from the top down. George's comment may have originated from Fayol himself. In the classic General and Industrial Management Fayol wrote that "Taylor's approach differs from the one we have outlined in that he examines the firm from the "bottom up." He starts with the most elemental units of activity-the workers' actions-then studies the effects of their actions on productivity, devises new methods for making them more efficient, and applies what he learns at lower levels to the hierarchy...(Fayol, 1987, p. 43)." He suggests that Taylor has staff analysts and advisors working with individuals at lower levels of the organization to identify the ways to improve efficiency. According to Fayol, the approach results in a "negation of the principle of unity of command" (p. 44). Fayol criticized Taylor's functional management in this way. "… the most marked outward characteristics of functional management lies in the fact that each workman, instead of coming in direct contact with the management at one point only, … receives his daily orders and help from eight different bosses…" (Fayol, 1949, p. 68.) Those eight, Taylor said, were (1) route clerks, (2) instruction card men, (3) cost and time clerks, (4) gang bosses, (5) speed bosses, (6) inspectors, (7) repair bosses, and the (8) shop disciplinarian (p. 68). - [1] - This, Fayol said, was an unworkable situation, and that Taylor must have somehow reconciled the dichotomy in some way not described in Taylor's works
Frederick Winslow Taylor is the author and not the creator of the scientific management. Scientific management was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.
Frederick Winslow Taylor
Henry Fayol treated management as its own discipline and used a systemic approach to analyze the process. Frederick Winslow Taylor applied scientific methods to management to reduce the wasting of resources.
what is the contributions of Frederick Taylor in the field of management
The difference between Taylor and Fayol are the management strategies applied. Taylor makes use of scientific management while Fayol makes use of administrative management.
approach
Classical school of public administration includes scientific management and bureaucratic theory. Fayol (and Taylor) is representative of scientific management and top down approach. Weber is presenting bureaucratic theory - with his ideal types.
Elements of F W Taylor's Scientific Management?
Frederick Taylor was the father of scientific management theory. His contributions include the application of engineering and scientific knowledge in management.
Frederick Taylor
Taylor and his followers were criticized on the grounds that scientific management tended to exploit workers more than it benefited them.
W. B. Taylor has written: 'The management of assets'
Fayol has been described as the father of modern operational management theory (George, p. 146). Although his ideas have become a universal part of the modern management concepts, some writers continue to associate him with Frederick Winslow Taylor. Taylor's scientific management deals with the efficient organisation of production in the context of a competitive enterprise that has to control its production costs. That was only one of the many areas that Fayol addressed. Perhaps the connection with Taylor is more one of time, than of perspective. According to Claude George (1968), a primary difference between Fayol and Taylor was that Taylor viewed management processes from the bottom up, while Fayol viewed it from the top down. George's comment may have originated from Fayol himself. In the classic General and Industrial Management Fayol wrote that "Taylor's approach differs from the one we have outlined in that he examines the firm from the "bottom up." He starts with the most elemental units of activity-the workers' actions-then studies the effects of their actions on productivity, devises new methods for making them more efficient, and applies what he learns at lower levels to the hierarchy...(Fayol, 1987, p. 43)." He suggests that Taylor has staff analysts and advisors working with individuals at lower levels of the organization to identify the ways to improve efficiency. According to Fayol, the approach results in a "negation of the principle of unity of command" (p. 44). Fayol criticized Taylor's functional management in this way. "… the most marked outward characteristics of functional management lies in the fact that each workman, instead of coming in direct contact with the management at one point only, … receives his daily orders and help from eight different bosses…" (Fayol, 1949, p. 68.) Those eight, Taylor said, were (1) route clerks, (2) instruction card men, (3) cost and time clerks, (4) gang bosses, (5) speed bosses, (6) inspectors, (7) repair bosses, and the (8) shop disciplinarian (p. 68). - [1] - This, Fayol said, was an unworkable situation, and that Taylor must have somehow reconciled the dichotomy in some way not described in Taylor's works