It's possible, but would require a lot of changes. Radical modifications like that are rarely worth the effort.
In terms of money it'd probably be better to sell your current bike and buy a shaft drive one instead.
Your question makes no sense. Yes a drive shaft in a car came in 1898 which was the 19th century but the first drive shaft on a motorcycle of any kind came in 1923 which is the 20th century. So no manufactures US or other had a shaft driven bike in the 19th century. The first 70 or so years that a drive shaft was offed on a motorcycle they had a horrible issue of lifting the back of the motorcycle up when under moderate to heavy acceleration. This caused a traction issue when is not a good issue to have when you only have 2 tires.
No it is driven by a drive shaft. The cam is driven by a chain.
NO. You would need a whole new rear swing arm, suspension, gearbox, etc,etc.
The 2005 Shadow Sabre is Shaft Driven
It is an intermediate shaft between the powered and driven shafts in a belt drive
In 1910 the Belgian arms company ' Fabrique National ' known as FN made the first 4 cylinder motorcycle with shaft drive. There were bicycles using shafts in the 1830's but this is the earliest motorcycle I know of.
Yes, it depends on what type of shaft it is to determine how your going to tackle the job.
For a very short time only.
gear and pinion drive
there is no oil tank on a Vmax motorcycle. The only oil is in the crank case, and the shaft drive.
If there's no chain it's a shaft drive.
shaft driven