While they are similar, the cartridges are not the same, with slight differences in the shoulder angle, length of neck. It is safe to fire .223 in a weapon chambered for 5.56, but 5.56 ammo in a weapon chambered for .223 may NOT be safe.
yes
No. While there ARE firearms made to fire both the .45 Colt and the .410 shotshell, they were made for that purpose. Never attempt to fire ammo that a firearm was not made to fire.
You need to contact Colt for a correct answer.
you can, but not very often.
yes, but don't shoot the P ammo too often
.38 Special. It can also fire .38 Short Colt and .38 Long Colt. Do not attempt to fire .38 S&W from a .38 Special.
If it is chamberd for it, yes.
Be aware! Never fire ammunition in a weapon not chambered for it! Stick to the .45 colt ammo.
No. A .357 Magnum revolver (not an automatic, lever action, or anything else with a headspaced chamber) can fire .38 S&W Special ammo, but not .38 Long Colt.
The short answer is "no!". The cartridge may fire, but the case will split and the bullet will go somewhere downrange. Not pretty.
No.