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Can an antibody penetrate the host cell to bind intracellular antigen?
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
The majority of antibodies bind secreted or membrane bound antigens and do not penetrate cells. Antibodies can be taken up into cells via endocytosis. However, a subset of autoantibodies isolated from autoimmune diseases in humans and mouse models are able to penetrate cells and bind to their antigen in the cytoplasm or nucleus (e.g. anti-DNA autoantibodies).
Wiki User
∙ 10y ago
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What region of an antibody does the antigen bind to?
epitopes on the antigen while the paratopes on the antibody
Antibody binding result in destruction of the antigen?
Antibodies bind the antigen, which then targets the antigen for elimination by innate mechanisms
What is antigene and antibody?
An antigen is a substance that can invoke an immune response. While an antibody is the immune system's response to an antigen. Antibodies, act by directly neutralizing the antigen and/or bind to the antigen and signaling marcophages to phagocytose the antigen.
What is the relationship between antigen and antibody?
Basically to explain this, an antigen is any type of pathogen that causes disease, while an antibody is something that combats against the antigen.
What is antibody valence?
It is the number of antigens one antibody molecule can bind to. For example, a trivalent antibody can simultaneously bind to three copies of the antigen it recognizes. This is not related to atomic valence.
The y- shaped protein that is produced by plasma cells upon exposure to a specific antigen and can bind to that antigen is called a?
antibody
What function of this protein is to bind to a specific antigen preventing it from attacking host cells?
Antibody.
Are anitgens proteins?
Yes. An antigen is a substance that stimulates an animal in order to produce an antibody reaction to counteract the substance by a specific binding antibody-antigen. Most of the times this antigen is a molecule of protein.
What bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response?
The Fab portion of the antibody is what determines the idiotype. The Fab portion consists of both a heavy and light chain and is connected to the Fc region (isotype). Every B cell will express a different Fab structure and in a single B cell it will produce only the same Fab.
How do macrophages recognize infectious agents such as bacteria?
When antibodies bind to the epitopes of an antigen(bacteria) via antigen receptors, the antibodies present the bacteria to a macrophages in a form that they recognize the foreign substance and engulf them. This antibody-antigen "team work" is also known as opsonization
What is the basic principle of the antigen-antibody reaction?
-the principle of antigen-antibody reaction is a process of the immune system in which immunoglobulin-coated B cells recognize a specific antigen and stimulate antibody production. T cells also play an essential role in the reaction. An antigen-antibody reaction begins with the binding of antigens to antibodies to form antigen-antibody complexes. These complexes may render toxic antigens harmless (neutralization), agglutinize antigens on the surface of microorganisms, or activate the complement system by exposing the complement binding sites on antibodies. Certain complement protein molecules immediately bind to these sites and trigger the activity of the other complement protein molecules, which cause antigen-bearing cells to lyse. Antigen-antibody reactions may start immediately with antigen contact or as much as 48 hours later. They normally produce immunity but may also be responsible for allergy, autoimmunity, and fetomaternal hematologic incompatibility. In the immediate allergic response, the antigen-antibody reaction activates certain enzymes and causes an imbalance between those enzymes and their inhibitors
What is the Role of a variable region of an antibody molecule?
Each antibody has a variable region at the top of the arms of the Y-Shaped structure of the antibody. These variable regions each have a different sequence of amino acids and therefore a different structure. This means that only specific antigens can bind to the binding sites - only those with a complementary shape. The antigen fits into the binding site by induced fit. Once the antigen has bound to the antibody it forms a highly specific antigen-antibody complex. Therefore the role of the variable region is to produce a specific binding site for each type of antigen.
