Yes.
The vehicle is insured not the individual. You can pay for and obtain the insurance in the name of the owner with you listed as an insured operator.
Providing you DO NOT live at the same address as the insured (in Massachusetts)
Yes you can, provided they have a license. However, if you intend to drive it also make you sure you are on the policy as well.
Insurance follows the car, not the driver. As long as the car is insured and you have permission from the owner to drive it, you are covered.
This depends where you live. In some countries the car is insured itself and anyone can drive it, but in other countries a car owner is insured. In the countries where the owner is insured, you will not get insurance without a valid driving license as you are not allowed to drive the car anyways!
People are not insured. Vehicles are. In other words, it's not necessary for a vehicle owner to determine whether a potential driver is insured. The owner knows whether his car is insured. It is necessary, however, for a person who wishes to drive a vehicle to ensure that it is properly insured. I would not operate a vehicle unless I saw a valid insurance card for it.
Usually the insurance on the vehicle covers any driver who has the permission of the owner of the vehicle to drive the car.
The owner's insurance covers the car and usually whomever is driving it. Many people drive cars that belong to someone else. If you are a licensed driver, you'll be covered.
Not one of your own-generally you are insured by the owner's policy if you are using someone else's car (with permission)
No, it is unwise to allow another person who is not on your policy to drive the car. If you are in the car with the driver, then it might be okay - it depends on your policy, you could call your agent to see.
the owner of the car with insurance will be responsible
Not necessarily. The insured is the person whose life, health or property is insured under the policy. While the insured may also be the owner, it may also be someone or something (if an entity) different. Typically, the owner pays the premiums, has the right to change beneficiaries, and possesses other indicia of ownership. Usually the owner of the policy designated on the application for insurance. It is important for the insurer to know the identity of the owner from the standpoint of knowing from whom to take direction as to policy changes as discussed above.