(in the US) It can't be done for free. There is, at the very least, a filing and recording fee.
In order to copyright a logo product, an individual must submit an application to the United States Copyright Office. This organization will judge the uniqueness of the desired logo and offer permission for copyright.
Yes.
No. You could copyright a drawing or photograph of the logo but the logo itself would have to be protected as a trademark.
No. In the US that requirement was changed in 1989
It would be prudent to ask for permission.
Using a logo without permission would be trademarkinfringement.
It means the logo has a copyright.
yes, just say no copyright infridgment
No. Names, titles, slogans, and common words/phrases do not qualify for copyright protection. In this case however the Olymipc logo is certainly registered as a trademark.
The copyright logo, a c inside a circle (©), can be made by pressing Option+G on a Mac or Shift+Alt+C or Alt+0169 on a PC.
The United States Marines logo copyright is of course owned by the United States Marine Corps. They even have their own division to deal with the improper use of their logo in media and sales.