Yes - members of the military are subject to BOTH systems of justice. It is NOT double jeapordy. One is a violation of civil law the other is a violation of military law.
Yes, provided that the committed crime falls under your portfolio, you can be charged with complicity even if you do not have an idea of what was going on.
Females are charged under the same statutes that males would be if the situation were reversed. Same charges - same penalties.
Not under the "ex post facto" doctrine, if it is a statutory offense. However, under the common-law criminal theory, any intentional harm to another person or municipality or the public morals could be considered a "crime", at least under state laws, even if not specifically defined in a statute. There is also a good chance that there is a "lesser included offense" of a major crime, which was also a crime before enacting the definition of the particular major offense. For example, "skyjacking" was not defined as a crime until the early 1970's, and the first skyjackers were charged with "air piracy" and kidnapping, among other things.
They can be charged under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) and be tried in a Court Martial or (depending on the crime and the 'status of forces' agreement in place between the US and that country) they can be turned over the civilian authorites of the country in which the offense occurred to be tried under that country's laws.
Yes, the expectation is that the crime would be dealt with under the laws of the country of origin of the astronauts. They could also be charged under Admiralty Law.
Uncovering past allegations of human rights violations committed by the former government under apartheid in South Africa (1948-1994).
As soon as they are placed under arrest.
No, not unless you are actually under arrest.
A crime committed under threat or menace can sometimes be defended using the duress defense. Duress is sometimes called coercion.
What Kind of Crime? It is rated by the crime committed. Other data can be found in the RELATED LINKS section below.
If she's under age - yes.
It can be. It depends on what you vandalize. For example: It IS a federal crime to vandalize a reproductive health care facility by gluing locks or pouring butyric acid.