Depends of the current draw of the pump and if there is any other load on the circuit.
Inlet line will be bigger then the outlet line. on the contrary on my motorcycle fuel pump, the inlet and outlet are the same size!
The reciprocating pump is damaged first. The closed outlet has no bad affect to the centrifugal pump.
Your electrician is correct on this. However, the pump is designed for 230V and will use less electricity, thus saving money if wired for 230V. Yeah, if you have to rewire for 230 V then it would be more expensive until your savings had consumed or offset the expense.
what is the type of pump three phase or single phase
The pump should have a marking on it in the form of an arrow, "to carb" or "carb", or an "in" & "out" on it near the inlet and outlet ports (normally the bottom but depends on the mfg of the pump).
The 230v breaker is 2-pole, The 115v is only single-pole so YES you need a new breaker. DON'T use 2 single-pole breakers instead. The well pump will run to the pressure setting of the pressure switch controlling it, regardless of HP. The difference might be in the size of the pump in flow rating, I.E. a 1/2 HP pump rated at 10gpm @ 70 psi won't perform the same as a 3/4 HP pump rated at 20 gpm @ 50 psi. Check the pump curve and pressure switch setting. The pressure switch for the new pump will need both power leads connected to the switch (1 lead per contact set), not 1 wire as the 115v motor was.
located in the water pump outlet.
It can be in either location, depending on your head pressure ie a circ on the head or "pump away" will circulate water better in upper floors. If the system is in a 2 or 3 story house using standard baseboard, then having the circulator in either position wont matter. Most all manufacturers are shipping and or directing installers to pump away...circulator on the supply....
The Circulatory System of the body is a simple plumbing system with a central pump, and a bunch of pipes that carry the Fluid around. The pump (heart) has an outlet and an inlet. The arteries are connected to the pump's outlet and the veins are connected to the pump's inlet. So, there you have it.
S=iv 460=115*i Therefore i = 460/115 i = 4 Amps
it is the pressure difference between inlet and outlet of pump.
first disconnect all electrical supply to pump and then detach the pipe or pipefittings joined with pump's outlet and inlet.