Both the British and the French.
An Irish born British explorer named Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton explored Canada. There were a lot of others from different areas that explored Canada also.
France and England
France and England
Pizarro explored for gold and land and conquered and colonized Peru.
Canada was colonized by France and England.
Europe
Europe
Europe
Spain
Pizarro explored for gold and land and conquered and colonized Peru.
Portugal and Spain
No, it was colonized by Portugal. Vasco Da Gama, discovered and explored it on his (the First) journey around the cape, from Europe to India.