Yes. There is a product called Bar Top that dries as a clear, thick coating on wood.
Polyurethane becomes sticky because it takes an hour or longer for the oxygen-induce crosslinking to occur. Polyurethane is a varnish used on wood.
The clearest isn't an oil based polyurethane, it is a water based polyacrylic. These are clearer and typically used on maple or bamboo because they do not amber the face of the wood. Minwax sells one in most home improvement stores. Nothing is completely clear, but you can pick up a small can and try it out on a sample. The disadvantage to these products is they are a lot more expensive and also not nearly as strong.
Polyurethane is usually used over stained or unstained wood to protect it from water and damage. It is a sealer.
Polyurethane is a sealant; it keeps water from absorbing into the wood by filling the microscopic pores and grains. If water enters the wood, it can warp and become unstable.
Polyurethane will give a long lasting easy to apply finish. Use a water based polyurethane ans clean up will be much easier. You should get years of wear from a good polyurethane finish.
Befor applying polyurethane, you need to sand the wood smooth, clean it and if wanted putty the holes.
Some sort of clear coat, varnish, some sort of polyurethane clear or polycrylic. It creates a hard see-through layer of the clear coat used. It can also be wet-sanded, making it very high gloss.
Yes, both oil and water-based polyurethanes will adhere well to an item coated with acrylic paint. If it is a polyurethane paint, dull the surface prior to painting. If it is a clear. realize that that oil based polyurethane will impart an amber hue while a water based polyurethane is crystal clear and will not affect the color.
Try using oxalic acid, also called wood bleach, on the water damaged area before attempting to stain the wood. If that removes the stain, sand the surface, use a wood conditioner or a clear stain as a first coat, then apply the colored stain. Once that's dry, apply a clear polyurethane for interior use, or a spar varnish for exterior use.
Yes, but be careful of fumes, it can affect you
No, in fact the wax can ruin the polyurethane finish. Clean the floor with a good wood floor cleaner. Do not mop with water.
No, it is not, chemically speaking, artificial wood. That would not be fair to say.