"... the rating of the overcurrent device shall not be less than the non-continuous load plus 125% of the continuous load."
NEC 2008 Article 210.20(A)
Furthermore, the ampacity of the conductor must be derated to 80% of allowable ampacity as stated in Table 310.16. Please take note of the exception to the table for #14 AWG, #12 AWG, and #10 AWG in Article 240.4(D) which automatically derates small conductors such as these to 15A, 20A, and 30A respectively.
Also be aware of all other ampacity derating that may be required by Article 310 and Article 422.
A calculated load in electrical terminology is the sum of all of the loads that are connected to a system. To size a service distribution for a home all of the connected loads have to be calculated in. Some loads can be derated as per the electrical code. When the total amperage is calculated from the sum of all of the loads, the wire size and distribution can be sized to handle the calculated load.
Loads are connected side
Parallel to each other.
120/208VAC
A parallel circuit is a type of circuit where loads are connected side by side. In a parallel circuit, each load has its own path to the power source, allowing them to operate independently of each other. If one load in a parallel circuit fails, the others will continue to function.
The theoretical loads being calculated should be higher than the actual loads that will be used in reality because the weight capacity of a structure, vehicle etc. should exceed the amount of weight it is intended to actually hold. This is true for any type of load, driveshafts, shirt buttons, whatever.
plug and play
series circuit
'Balanced loads' apply to three-phase a.c. loads. A three-phase kilowatt hour meter will measure both balanced and unbalanced loads, when correctly connected.
A continuous load on a breaker refers to a consistent electrical draw at or near the maximum capacity of the circuit over an extended period of time. This differs from intermittent or fluctuating loads, which have varying power demands. It is important to properly size breakers for continuous loads to prevent overheating and potential fire hazards.
In a series circuit, loads are connected one after the other in a single path. The current flowing through each load is the same, and the voltage is divided among the loads. If one load fails or is disconnected, all the other loads in the circuit will also turn off because the circuit is broken.
In North America the neutral wire is never fused. This is because of the three wire circuit that uses a common neutral. If there are two loads connected across a common neutral circuit and the neutral opens a 230 volt supply will be impressed across both loads as they are now in series with the supply. If both loads were balanced then the voltage drop across both loads would be equal. Dropping 120 volts across each load. Where the problem arises is if the two loads are not balanced and voltage drop goes higher than the manufactures recommended voltage, then the connected device could burn out.