Yes, more than can hope to be enumerated in a short answer, in both the Roman Republic and the Empire. The Punic Wars between the Republic and Carthage decided the dominant state in the Mediterranean. The Roman Civil Wars led to Julius Caesar's Dictatorship. Augustus defeated Marc Anthony and Cleopatra to secure the Eastern Mediterranean. Then more civil wars following Nero's demise, and on and on …
In the Punic Wars, Rome and its allies fought Carthage and its allies.
Rome, Carthage and their respective allies.
Allies were usually peoples who voluntarily entered alliance treaties with Rome. This could be because they lived close to Rome and were afraid of Rome's military might or because an alliance would be advantageous to them. The allies supplied troops which fought alongside the Roman legions. In some instances, peoples who lost wars against Rome were forced to become either allies or client states.
the Punic wars.(Rome vs Carthage)
Rome, Carthage and their respective allies.
Rome and its allies versus Carthage.
The wars that established ancient Rome as the major power in the western Mediterranean were the three Punic wars fought against Carthage.
I think you need to be way more specific. "Ancient Rome" could be classed from its founding in 753BC to the fall of Rome in 476AD.
See the link Roman Wars in the separate panel below.
It was a war between Carthage and Rome and Rome won.
The Spanish cities
Rome, Greece, Persia, Nubia and the Hittites.