No, the juries were usually of 500 people, with no judges or lawyers to interfere. With about 35,000 citizens, it was effectively an opinion poll in today's terms.
no
No
yes
Judge-Lawyers-Prosecutor
American College of Trial Lawyers was created in 1950.
The Court of Appeals hears appeals from the trial courts. Have you ever seen a court room drama on TV? The lawyers cross examine the witnesses. The other side objects to a line of questioning. The lawyers appeal to the Judge. The judge makes his decision. The judge runs the courtroom. He supervises the lawyers. Down in front a court reporter is recording the trial. She takes down everything that is being said. At the end of the trial, the Judge reads the law and instructs the jury. The Jury deliberates and reaches a verdict. It may be a civil case. It may be a criminal case. What happened if the Judge made a mistake? What happened if the evidence did not fit the case? If the Judge supervises the Lawyers, who supervises the Judge? The court of Appeals. A lawyer can have the Court of Appeals review the case. A lawyer writes up the reasons why the Court of Appeals should review the case. His reasons are called a brief. He submits them to the court.
Yes
There were no lawyers or judges, so a citizen had to make his case to the jury (usually 500 citizen jurors) and if found guilty, propose a sentence in competition with the one proposed by his accuser. The jury could pick only one or the other.
Eldon E. Fallon has written: 'Trial handbook for Louisiana lawyers' -- subject(s): Procedure (Law), Trial practice 'Trial Handbook for Louisiana Lawyers (Supplement 1985)' 'Trial Handbook for Louisiana Lawyers (Supplement 1989)'
To defend the defendent
The judge at Jurgis' trial was Judge Pat Callahan.
The trial Judge.
A "bench trial" is a trial before a judge sitting without a jury. The judge alone decides the case.