Of course, they were well aware of the effects of radiation. However the immediate acute effects (e.g. blast, fire, radiation poisoning) were felt to be of greater magnitude and significance than any possible long term chronic effects.
Yes. Testing had given scientists this information, even before the A-bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. The degree of human devastation was, however, beyond what had been expected.
There were none left. Once the two bombs were dropped on Japan, there were none left in reserve. It would have taken a long time to build and create new ones.
People were optimistic at the start of the Atomic age. They thought all power generators would be atomic from then on.
See: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
As both atomic bombs and supernovas vary in yield, this question has no single answer.
To create the atomic bomb before Nazi Germany could (if possible). Otherwize to have an atomic bomb to use on Nazi Germany in retaliation for their using them on England or the USSR (our allies). It was never expected when the Manhattan Project started that we might use them on Japan, but after Germany surrendered just before the Manhattan Project had a working atomic bomb, it had significant momentum, and it was becoming obvious how hard it really would be to defeat Japan the US decided that as fast as the atomic bombs could manufactured by the Manhattan Project's factories the atomic bombs would be used on Japan until it surrendered.
Radioactive waste would cause unborn babies to die/ have mutations.
Scientists had made observations that did not fit exactly with Dalton's theory. Scientists changed the atomic theory to include this new knowledge. While the modern atomic theory is based on Dalton's theory, it is also very different.
Biologist/chemists create it as biologist study plants and chemist create chemicals.
Since glass was invented, the scientists were able to create the microscope. If this was never invented, the scientists would never have been able to discover cells.
Since glass was invented, the scientists were able to create the microscope. If this was never invented, the scientists would never have been able to discover cells.
A Nuclear Physicist or Researcher or Technician would be scientists who know that.
They create genetic variations.
Einstein understood that an atomic reaction would release an incredible amount of energy in a very brief time. This principle was used to create the atomic bomb.
Because without mutations, selective breeding would be almost impossible.
There were literally thousands of scientists who participated; if you had to single one out, it would probably be scientific director Robert Oppenheimer.
Approximately a trillion years. And most people don't live that long.
This assumes that all mutations occur at a regular and very static rate, which is not always the case. If many mutations occurred at a given moment then scientists studying these in the present would misinterpret when they truly occurred.