Did the boycott of buses continue in other places after 1956 when Alabama's segregation laws were declared unconstitutional by the US Supreme Court?

Answer 1

Yes. While the US Supreme Court has responsibility for interpreting the Constitution and judging laws or policies, it doesn't have the authority to enforce its decisions. This power belongs to the Executive and Legislative branches, which didn't act to end Jim Crow laws in a timely manner. Unfortunately, the federal government's reluctance to formally prohibit segregation allowed communities to ignore the integration ruling in Browder v. Gayle, (1956). Many Southern states continued discriminatory practices until challenged in court or threatened with economic devastation.

None of the later boycotts received the attention Montgomery did, but there were a number of successful protests throughout the South in the late 50s and early 60s.

Jackson, Tennessee, held a boycott on October 14-15, 1960, which quickly lead to integration when the bus company's revenue dropped 80% during that two-day period. There were documented bus boycotts in South Carolina and Georgia in 1962, as well as boycotts of other businesses that practiced discrimination. This non-violent method of protesting was effective in many areas, due to the economic power wielded by large, organized groups.

Blatant segregation finally ended when Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, but subtler forms of discrimination and racism continue to this day.