The printing press was developed in the late middle ages by Johannes Gutenberg around the year 1440. This, together with another not entirely clear development (probably using a hand mould) by Gutenberg that made the mass production of movable type practical, introduced modern printing to Europe.
Printing Press
The printing press was developed by Johannes Gutenberg around the year 1440. Many consider the middle ages to have lasted until the year 1500, so yes, the printing press was invented during the late middle ages. If you were meaning to ask if printing was available during the middles, for the great majority of the medieval period it was not available, coming in only at the end and then initially in limited distribution.
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There are not a lot of inventions attributed to the 13th century. The few that I could find are: eyeglasses (Italy), wooden movable type printing (China), and the Pecia system of copying books (Italy).
During the Middle Kingdom era, the middle class of artisans and scribes emerged. These people did not own estates and often lived and worked in towns.
Limited use of books in universities
The invention of the printing press and movable type in Europe revolutionized communication by making it quicker, easier, and more accessible to a broader audience. This resulted in increased literacy rates, the spread of knowledge and ideas, and the decentralization of information dissemination, which ultimately contributed to the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, and Enlightenment periods.
The Renaissance emerged when the Middle Ages came to a close in Italy. There were many new kinds of art, music, and literature that came out during the period.
It emerged in the middle of the 18th century.
Guttenberg Press
The press, or movable-type, allowed books and in turn knowledge to be mass produced. Little is more valueble and marketable than knowledge. Before the press, all works and communications were copied by hand at VERY high cost and at an excrutiatingly slow production speed. Movable type changed that over night. Also, before the press, only elites could afford books, so only THEY had a reason to learn to read or even want to. Suddenly the Upper-middle-class on down to the paupers had reason to learn to read worldwide and was in turn a major precursor to the Enlightenment, Renaissance and democracy.