If you are Jewish, you would be covered under the Israeli Law of Return, by which all Jews have an automatic right to visit or immigrate to Israel, a country whose official reason for existing is to provide a refuge for all Jews against the global scourge of anti-Semitism. If, however, you are not Jewish, then yes, you need a visa (but Israel does value tourism, and chances are you can get a visa).
Yes Indians require VISA for Israel. I recently got the Israeli VISA stamped on my Passport (Indian).
Are you not familiar with the Law of Return? All Jews have an automatic right to immigrate to Israel and to be Israeli citizens. That is the fundamental reason for the existence of Israel, to provide refuge for all the Jews of the world.
Turkey has full diplomatic relations with Israel and has no problem with people having an Israeli visa or entry stamp in their passport.
Israeli
No. Cuba does not recognize the State of Israel.
Citizens of Israel are called Israeli (plural = Israelis).
I'm pretty sure you have to be a citizen of Israel first.
You can't. At least not on the same passport. You should have asked the Israeli officials to put the stamp on a small slip of paper you would have carried in your passport.
Most of them, but not all, reside in Israel.
Yes. Israel and Qatar have diplomatic relations.
Israel has a democracy for Israeli citizens. It is parliamentary. The Palestinians do not have full inclusion in the Israeli state, as I understand.
The role of the citizens in Israel is to vote for the Members of the Knesset, Israel's Parliament. Additionally, most Israeli citizens must serve in the Israeli Army and/or do community service. Israeli citizens perform many of the functions of citizens in other liberal democracies like protesting and assembling peacefully, engaging in their religious traditions or Atheism, contributing the national debate on major issues, and speaking their minds.