Do meteors go beyond Jupiter

Answer 1

Most meteors are sand grain sized objects that had been ejected from comets as they followed around their highly elliptical orbits. As most of these comets have orbits that extend beyond the orbit of Jupiter at their aphelion, then yes most of these sand grains that become meteors when they enter earth's atmosphere have been beyond the orbit of Jupiter.

However they are not actually meteors until they enter earth's atmosphere, so while they are actually meteors they are nowhere near Jupiter.

Many larger meteors were pieces of asteroids. The vast majority of asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter and thus have never been even near Jupiter, and definitely not beyond Jupiter's orbit.