yes
yes
Lander
They were rover missions to Mars.
A significant discovery of the Viking 1 and 2 orbiters was the presence of geological formations (river valleys , branched stream networks, erosion evidence) suggesting a significant presence of water on the planet at some point in time. The Viking landers performed biological experiments that failed to detect signs of life in the martian soil; these experiments were later deemed to be inconclusive.
Viking 1 was launched on August 20, 1975, and the second craft, Viking 2, was launched on September 9, 1975
There have been no human space missions to Mars. The only missions to Mars to date have been through flybys with space craft, orbiters, and land rovers.
The two VIKING probes arrived in Mars orbit in 1976 when they started sending photographs back to Earth. The two orbiters continued sending photographs and the landers conducted experiments on the planet's surface until they failed as follows:Viking 2 Orbiter: July 1978 Viking 2 Lander: April 1980 Viking 1 Orbiter: August 1980 Viking 1 Lander: November 1982.
The Viking 1 and Viking 2 missions consisted of both an orbiter and a lander. The lander landed on the surface of Mars to collect data and images.
Viking 1 and Viking 2 were launched by the US in 1975. Both probes traveled to Mars, took photos of large expanses of the planet's surface from orbit, and released landers. The Viking 1 lander later transmitted the first pictures from the Martian surface. Both landers carried experiments designed to detect living organisms or life processes, but neither of them found any convincing signs of life. The Vikings and their landers were unmanned (robotic) spacecraft.
Mars
SOMETHING
lander