you can use guardian Elma without butterfly dagger by using and effect of a magic, trap or effect monster that allows you to special summon a monster
A normal summon is where you just summon a monster and NOT use its effect or ability, just its ATK and DEF. A special summon is where you summon a card and use its effect or ability. You can only special summon a card if you have another card saying that you can special summon a card, you cannot just going around special summoning every monster.
The answer to this question can vary. Unless the card that Special Summoned the Gemini Monster specifically says otherwise, the Gemini Monster will be treated as a Normal Monster. If you have not already Normal Summoned this turn, you can perform said action on the Special Summoned Gemini Monster. There may be cards such as Black Brutdrago that states "The Special Summoned monster is treated as an Effect Monster, and gains its effect." In this case, as it states, the Special Summoned monster gains its effect while it is on the field and you do not have to resummon it.
No. Unless specified otherwise, a monster's Special Summon text applies for when it is in your hand only. You cannot use Gigantes' own effect to Special Summon it from any other Zone.
Since Call of the Haunted special summons a monster from your graveyard, he won't get a dragonic counter. You can use it's effect after the effect of Call of the Haunted resolves.
You can only activate and Special Summon "Red Eyes Darkness Metal Dragon" with this effect from your hand.
yes
If a monster has special summon requirements (can only be special summoned by, cannot be special summoned except by) then these are the only way the monster can initially reach the field. This cannot be overridden, if the monsters are hit by A Hero Emerges, they can't be summoned by it.
A flip effect only works if you flip summon a monster, or if your opponent attacks your face down monster (granted they don't have an effect that negates the activation of a flip effect monster or destroys it without flipping, like Drillroid) Most special summons require the monster to be face up, therefore not letting the flip effect to have a change to activate.
No, a monster cannot manually change battle position on the turn it was special summoned, though it can be changed by an effect.
Unless another card specifically denies the attack or if it was Special Summoned AFTER the Battle Phase, then yes the Special Summoned monster may attack.
Not unless the special summoning effect specifically says you can, like The Shallow Grave does.