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This does not demonstrate that the plants require sunlight because a control in which plants received sunlight was not used, there is no basis for comparison to arrive at the conclusion that plants need sunlight to grow.
The obvious answer would be soil, but I think you are looking for more than that. Potatoes grow best in rich, light soil, and in home gardening, soil is pulled up around the growing plants to shield the new potatoes from sunlight (they turn green if exposed to sunlight). Each group of potatoes is called a hill- after the "hilling" of soil. Potatoes CAN be grown in containers, such as large buckets- and are harvested by dumping the bucket of soil.
Yes
Why Europeans begin growing potatoes after sailors brought it from America? I do not know how this potatoes grow in America
Potatoes have "eyes" that produce new potatoes. The person growing them cut the potato with the eye and plant them.
Yes, plants require sunlight to produce food through photosynthesis.
there are many organisms that do not require sunlight to live but then there are some that need hosts
Idaho is known for growing potatoes.
"The plant was growing in the sunlight."
They weren't. They were discovered growing.
In full sunlight.