The Holy Spirit guides the pope. In the sacrament of confirmation you receive the Holy Spirit and He resides in you. He doesn't control you, only guides you. He does not take away your free will or your rift to make choices. God doesn't want that cause He wants you to love Him freely.
Catholic AnswerThe above answer is pretty good. The Holy Spirit does reside in the Pope in a special way because he has been chosen to be Christ's Vicar on earth, and has been granted the gift of infallibility when speaking ex cathedra. God is certainly not going to leave the head of His Church bereft of the Spirit! But the Holy Spirit resides in every single person who has been validly baptized and is not in a state of mortal sin.He calls on the Holy Spirit to guide him.
The Holy Spirit acting through the College of Cardinals.
They are guided, we hope, by the Holy Spirit.
The pope is elected by man through the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.
Catholic AnswerLike all Ecumenical Councils of the Church, it was called by a Pope, in this case, Pope John XXIII. It is "from" the Holy Spirit, as the Holy Spirit guides the Church, guides the Holy Father, and, particularly in an Ecumenical Council, guides their decisions, which, if and when ratified by the Holy Father, are infallible decisions of the Magisterium, as these were by Pope Paul VI.
Prior to the death of Jesus the "spirit", or tangible manifestation of God, would reside on the ark of the covenant or in the holy of holies. With the death of Jesus the veil was torn and God's spirit could live within his people.
Men do not 'run for pope' as it is not a campaign. A pope is elected by the cardinals in conclave under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.
Saint Peter because he became the first Pope
Roman Catholic AnswerThe highest Ordination in the Church is a Bishop, and the Holy Father is always a Bishop. If he is not already a Bishop when he is selected as Holy Father, he is first ordained such, but there is no "ordination" as Pope, it is just a selection process, guided by the Holy Spirit.
"They", the College of Cardinals, elected Pope Benedict XVI in a secret conclave under the guidance of the Holy Spirit. What transpires in a conclave is secret and no cardinal may reveal what happens.
The only reason that anyone becomes pope is because the Holy Spirit, working through the College of Cardinals chooses that man.
Infallibility