There's nothing gradual about it. One photon sails by one electron. If it has the
correct amount of energy to boost the electron into the next higher energy
level, then the electron jumps to the next higher energy level. If it's not exactly
the right amount, then the photon just continues on its way.
Einstein's 'proposal' was backed by enough solid math and Physics, and did a
good enough job of explaining mysterious things that were observed in the lab
since 18 years earlier, that it won him the Nobel Prize in 1921.
That was 16 years after he proposed it. It took that long, because in order to
accept it, scientists had to start thinking of light as a stream of particles, like
little ping-pong balls, and that didn't go down easily.
they absorb photons from sunlight
Photons have no charge, no rest mass and travel at the speed of light throuh a vacuum. Electrons have a charge of -1, have rest mass and are part of atoms.
From the photons is solar energy.
.From photons in solar energy
Electricial current.
Albert Einstein proposed the idea the light exists of quanta of energy that he called photons.
Einstein's photoelectric effect work found that the incident light involved in the photoelectric effect was made of individual quanta (photons) that interacted with the metal's electrons like discrete particles, not waves.
Einstein first proposed the idea of photons as discrete packets of light energy to explain the photoelectric effect. According to his hypothesis, light is composed of individual particles called photons that transfer their energy to electrons upon striking a material surface. Additionally, Einstein's explanation of the double-slit experiments involved the concept of wave-particle duality, stating that light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties.
No. Electricity is the movement of electrons, and photons have no electrons to move. Photons are the gauge particles for the electromagnetic force, but that's a different concept.
Electrons can absorb photons and gain energy, and they can emit photons and lose energy.
photons
they absorb photons from sunlight
From energy in photons
Electrons are very small, and have very small mass, but they are not visible light (photons).
Apex Light is made of photons.
Apex Light is made of photons.
From energy in photons