Increased Protein and increased carboyhydrates.
It's difficult to lose fat in targeted areas. One way to increase fat loss in your legs is to perform weight-bearing exercises. This will decrease the fat in your legs while increasing muscle. Leg lifts, squats, pushes and pulls are all good leg exercises to increase muscle and burn fat.
Lift weights, press ups ect. aka. do lots of muscle exercises and if you tend to have a large amount of fat in your upper body you want to do cardio exercises to loose that fat and more muscle exercises to gain muscle.
No, fat do not turned into muscle. What you want to do is to lose the fat by doing cardio exercises, so that the fat doesn't cover up your muscle. Then you could do some weight resistance training to increase muscle size :)
Abdominal exercises such as sit ups and abdominal crunches can help you slim, but the most effective way is through an increase in whole grains within your daily diet.
There are really no exercises out there that target where you will lose weight or fat. You need to focus on overall reduction in calorie consumption, and increase your activity level to make the fat come off every part of your body. Some people are gentetically predisposed to accumulate fat in certain areas, so be patient with yourself, as the fat comes off those areas last..
Some simple exercises to help lose fat are cardiovascular exercises. These exercises could be jogging, jump roping and running. Foods that could help lose fat would be fruits.
I find that the best exercises to increase fat loss are multi-joint exercises that focus on the largest muscle groups. That is, Squats and Kettlebell swings. Kettlebells are an all time favorite of mine when it comes to fat loss. You can find a lot of resources on how to perform the kettlebell swing with the right form on youtube.
There are no exercises that will increase the size.
Try combining strength building and cardio training exercises.
There is no sure sign that muscles are using their maximum amount of energy to burn fat, but there are ways to increase the likelihood. High impact exercise done on a consistent basis will increase resting metabolic weight. These exercises should be introduced gradually.
No, there is no such thing as spot fat reduction. However, if you do plenty of cardio and eat a balanced diet, you can lose stubborn belly fat. Doing ab and core exercises will make abdominal muscles more defined.