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That would be Abraham, since he was the patriarch of the Jewish nation. Abraham is called Jewish because he rejected idolatry (Talmud, Megillah 13a); since "Jew" has both a symbolic meaning (one of belief) which started with Abraham, as well as its narrow meaning (a simple direct name) which came later with Judah. Claiming that Judah's Israelite brothers were anything other than Jewish in belief and practice is disingenuous and misleading. Their personal names are of secondary importance. See also the attached Related Links.

Answer:

The first "Jew" was Jacob's son, JUdah. From Judah the Jews descended. Jew is merely a "shortening" of Judah's name.

Jacob's other eleven sons were NOT JEWS. Of all the twelve tribes of Israel... only "one-twelfth" of them were "Jews."

Nor was Abraham [Abram] a Jew. He was a Babylonian Gentile whom the Lord called out of the world and sanctified.

"Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai, the wife of his son Abram, and together they set out from Ur of the Chaldeans to go to Canaan. But when they came to Haran, they settled there." (Gen.11:31)

Nor were Ishmael, Isaac, Esau, nor Jacob Jews.

Jesus' was a Jew. His lineage is traced through "Judah" [Matt.1:2], the world's first Jew.

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Q: First Jew in the bible
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