laminar flow
Smooth, orderly movement of a fluid, in which there is no turbulence, and any given subcurrent moves more or less in parallel with any other nearby subcurrent. Laminar flow is common in viscous fluids, especially those moving at low velocities.
Its used to avoid the spreading of fumes and gases when conducting an experiment resulting in a gaseous reaction.
Horizontal is for the preparation of sterile products where air originating from the back of the hood moves foward across the hood and into the room.
Vertical for the preparation of chemotherapeutic and hazardous agents where air originating from the roof of the hood moves downward and is captured in a vent located on the floor of the hood.
It is important to red hot the loop before streaking so that any microbial cell or if present on loop will burn and it will prevent your culture from contamination. Flaming should be done in each and every time befor you streak even for a single culture and for single plate.
Cleaning of LAF is done to prevent the growth of unwanted microbes in culture made for growth of required microbe. this is why it's done the how is first using sterile water for irrigation if you have a vertical LAF hood (most hospitals have these) the HEPA filter will be at the top . you start at the back using overlaping wipes DO NOT clean the hood as if you were cleaning windows!!!! next you use 70% alcohol the order it's cleaned in is Back Side Bar Side Bottom ... the best way to remember the order in which you have to clean is a bunch of BS (back side bar side bottom - BSBSB..lol)
Microscopes - for viewing small objects >antibodies - to highlight certain areas of the cell >dyes - to highlight certain areas of the cell >fluorescent proteins - to highlight certain areas of the cell (usually proteins) Laminar flow hood - prevent leaking of microbes from the hood Plates/dishes/tubes - to culture cells (grow them) Gels and blots - to determine the presence of various genes/proteins Incubators - to maintain healthy temperatures to grow cells Heaters/coolers - to assist in PCR reactions Freezer - to store bilogical samples Centrifuge - to separate biological components via weight Mass Spectrometer - to determine to components of a solution X-ray crystallography - to determine the shape of a protein Radioactive isotopes - to track the changes of certain substrates in a biological reaction Colorimeter - to quantitatively determine the presence of various substances Bunsen burner+alcohol - to help maintain sterility and many many more
The skin surrounding the clitoris
== == A clitoris is a small pea-sized organ that is usually covered by a hood and is just below the pubic bone on females.
In a horizontal laminar flow hood, the laminar air flows towards the outside (i.e. towards the worker). There is hence no protection to the worker and it is not suitable for cytotoxic drug preparation. In a vertical laminar flow hood, the laminar air flows downwards from the top, providing more protection for the workers. Vertical laminar flow hoods are hence suitable for preparing cytotoxic drugs.
The laminar flow hood depends on the laminar air flow to sweep away pathogens from the hood. If there is obstruction, the laminar air flow pattern will be disrupted. The laminar air flow will then change to turbulent air flow.
In the horizontal hood the air is blown across the work surface toward the operator (air flow from back to front) and in the vertical hood the air is blown down onto the work surface (air flow from top to bottom).
Its used to avoid the spreading of fumes and gases when conducting an experiment resulting in a gaseous reaction.
Laminar airflow provides a highly controlled, uni-directional flow of clean air to maintain a sterile environment, ideal for working with materials that require a sterile environment. Biosafety hoods, on the other hand, provide containment to protect the user from exposure to potentially hazardous materials by creating a barrier between the user and the materials. Biosafety hoods also incorporate HEPA filters to protect both the user and the environment from biological contaminants.
3 to 6
You can typically use a laminar flow hood right after turning it on, as it should start providing the clean air flow immediately. However, it is recommended to allow a few minutes for the air inside the hood to stabilize and reach the desired airflow and cleanliness levels before starting your work.
isopropyl alcohol
Laminar flow hoods can be found through ebay's website. Companies NuAire, Terra Universal, and Air Clean Systems all offer their own laminar flow hoods (also called laminar flow closets and tissue culture hoods) on their official websites.
0.2 Micron
A laminar flow prevents the inappropriate circulation of air within a hood where cells or bacteria are being cultured. This prevents contamination and also insures the safety of the worker
Glasswares are wrapped with paper to provide cushioning and protection during transportation or storage. The paper helps prevent glass items from scratching, chipping, or breaking due to impact or friction. It also absorbs any moisture that may be present, reducing the risk of damage.