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Beta blockers can decrease the myocardial contractility and make heart failure worse. However, beta-blockers were shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in heart failure patients. This may be due to how they can block the damaging effects of sympathetic activity which is too active. Usually, beta-1 selective blockers such as carvedilol are used. Beta blockers should be used in all patients with stable heart failure with reduced LVEF. They should be used after ACE inhibitors.

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Q: How are beta-adrenoceptor blockers used to treat heart failure?
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