Police agencies are organized differently, usually depending on number of employees.
Starting from the bottom/up there are:
Patrol Officers
Sergeants (who supervise patrol officers)
Lieutenants (who supervise Sergeants)
Captains
Deputy Chief(s)
Chief
Police agencies are classified as paramilitary which means it is structured similar to the Army, Marines etc.
Most police agencies are organized in a hierarchical or para-military manner.
Please refer to your state police website
local
it was a secret police organized by Ivan the terrible
Some departments or agencies have an unit dedicated to combatting organized crime. Examples would be departments like the Federal Bureau of Investigation, New York Police Department, and so forth. Organized crime is exactly what it sounds like. Crime that is executed in an organized fashion, or by an organized group. La Cosa Nostra (Italian Mafia) is an example of an organized group that commits crimes, thus they're under constant investigation by Organized Crime Units. Organized Crime can also be instituted into legal organizations (any company ever), and may involve financial crimes like embezzlement and money laundering.
From your tax dollars!
Police etc
There are approximately 18,000 law enforcement agencies in the United States, ranging from local municipal police departments to federal agencies like the FBI and DEA.
The three agencies in criminal justice (in a consensus model, like in the United States) are the police, criminal courts, and correctional agencies. A case will go through the agencies in that order, starting with the police (which identifies crimes) and ending with the correctional agencies (once the agency reforms and reintroduces the convict to the public). The police identify and investigate crimes, the courts hold trials and sentence those found guilty of crimes, and the correctional agencies carry out the sentences that the courts set.
There are a multitude of agencies that fight crime in the US. They range from local police departments to county sheriffs to state police to national agencies like the FBI.
I believe you need to refer to Dr. Krimmel's study which it identifies several consolidation within police agencies.
civil organizations
what are the police forces organized during the spanish regime