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In an ocean-continent convergence, the collision of ocean and continental crust causes the accretion of marine sedimentary deposits to the edge of the continent. These sediments, then, are forced up through normal mountain building orogenic uplift and compression (and faulting). In another method, as the underlying oceanic crust area of a plate tips down at a subduction zone, its ocean-floor sediment can be scraped off along the front edge of the overriding continental plate. The result is an increase in the width and thickness of the overriding plate, and thus, a mountain range. This is seen well at the convergence of the Nazca plate and South American plate (Peru-Chile Trench or Atacama Trench) forming the Andes Mountains - which are actually originally volcanic in origin, but are being buttressed by the new sediments.

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Q: How can oceanic sediments became part of continental mountains?
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