Use the array suffix operator [] to access the individual elements of an array through a zero-based index.
Use the array suffix operator ([]), or use a pointer offset from the start of the array, such that an offset of 1 is equivalent to the size of an array element (all elements in an array must be of equal size). The latter method is what actually goes on behind the scenes when using the array suffix operator, but the former is generally easier to use.
The number of dimensions is immaterial. All arrays are implemented as a one dimensional array. A multidimensional array is simply an array where every element is itself an array. The only thing actually known about any array is that its name is a reference to the start address. Unlike an ordinary (non-array) variable, the elements in the array do not have names, we can only refer to them by their memory offsets from the start of the array. As such, in order to obtain the values stored at those offsets, we must dereference them. While the subscript operator gives us notational convenience, it's easy to forget that there's actually pointer arithmetic and dereferencing going on behind the scenes.
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We use loops with arrays because it's one the simplest methods of traversing an array. since each element in an array is the same size, every element can be access via an offset from the start of the array, using the array suffix operator []. Arrays employ zero-based offsets because the first element is always at the same address as the array itself. Thus the first element is at offset [0], while the third is at offset [2]. What this means is that if we multiply the size of an element by its offset index, we can determine the address of that element and therefore access that element's value. The subscript operator does this for us automatically, thus giving us constant-time random access to any element in the array. We can also use pointers to manually calculate the address of an element (which is what actually goes on behind the scenes). However, when we wish to traverse the array, one element at a time, a loop is the simplest method of doing so. The loop simply iterates through all the offset indices, beginning with offset 0, then 1, and 2, and so on. The final index is always 1 less than the number of elements in the array, because arrays are zero-based.
Use the array suffix operator [] to access the individual elements of an array through a zero-based index.
Use the array suffix operator ([]), or use a pointer offset from the start of the array, such that an offset of 1 is equivalent to the size of an array element (all elements in an array must be of equal size). The latter method is what actually goes on behind the scenes when using the array suffix operator, but the former is generally easier to use.
The number of dimensions is immaterial. All arrays are implemented as a one dimensional array. A multidimensional array is simply an array where every element is itself an array. The only thing actually known about any array is that its name is a reference to the start address. Unlike an ordinary (non-array) variable, the elements in the array do not have names, we can only refer to them by their memory offsets from the start of the array. As such, in order to obtain the values stored at those offsets, we must dereference them. While the subscript operator gives us notational convenience, it's easy to forget that there's actually pointer arithmetic and dereferencing going on behind the scenes.
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Because using array you can easily access the data required
Arrays are a primitive container for data of the same type. The elements of an array are stored in a block of contiguous memory, one after the other. As such, an array offers the most compact method of storing a collection of values. Unlike ordinary variables, which can be named, the elements of an array are anonymous; we can only refer to them by their memory address. However, given that each element is the same type and therefore the same length (in bytes), it is trivial to calculate the address of any element within the array knowing only the start address of the array (which can be named) and the zero-based index of the element we wish to access, such that the first element resides at index 0. Since calculating individual addresses is a constant-time operation, this makes it possible to perform constant-time random-access to any element in the array. However, the array suffix operator means we do not need to manually calculate individual addresses, we need only know the zero-based index of the element we wish to access.
Here are some: Create an array Destroy it Access an element of it
We use loops with arrays because it's one the simplest methods of traversing an array. since each element in an array is the same size, every element can be access via an offset from the start of the array, using the array suffix operator []. Arrays employ zero-based offsets because the first element is always at the same address as the array itself. Thus the first element is at offset [0], while the third is at offset [2]. What this means is that if we multiply the size of an element by its offset index, we can determine the address of that element and therefore access that element's value. The subscript operator does this for us automatically, thus giving us constant-time random access to any element in the array. We can also use pointers to manually calculate the address of an element (which is what actually goes on behind the scenes). However, when we wish to traverse the array, one element at a time, a loop is the simplest method of doing so. The loop simply iterates through all the offset indices, beginning with offset 0, then 1, and 2, and so on. The final index is always 1 less than the number of elements in the array, because arrays are zero-based.
Array elements are all members of the same variable, indexed in a logical manner. variables are distinct objects which must be referred to distinctly. The main functional difference is that a program can iterate over an array without the programmer knowing the original size of the array or explicitly which member to access.
A pointer into an array of elements of type E is a pointer to a single element of type E:typedef ..... E;E array[123];E* const pointer = &array[18]; // points to the 19th element inside 'array'An array of pointers is an array whose elements are pointers:typedef .... E;E* array[123];E** const pointer = &array[18]; // points to the 19th pointer within 'array'Referencing the name of the array variable without use of the index operator itself is a constant pointer to its first element. Therefore, the following if-clause is always true:typedef .... E;E array[123];if (array &array[N]) { // ALWAYS true ...}
An array is an aggregate of elements, where memory is allocated to accommodate a given number of elements of a given type. The name of the array serves as a reference to the first element of the array. Unlike ordinary (non-array) variables, all the other elements of an array have no name; they are anonymous. However, all elements of an array have identity (they have an address) so if we know the address of an element within an array we can easily refer to it by that address. Given that each element is of the same type and therefore the same size (in bytes), we can easily calculate the address of each element offset from the start of the array. That is, the nth element of an array A of type T will be found at address A + sizeof(T) * (n-1). Although we are free to use "pointer arithmetic" like this to calculate the individual addresses of each element, C provides us with a much more convenient notation called the array suffix operator. The array suffix operator applies to pointer variables only. Fortunately, all arrays implicitly convert to a pointer at the slightest provocation so we don't have to do anything special to use them. The operator is denoted using square brackets [] such that for an array A we can refer to its nth element as A[n-1]. Given that A is of type T, the compiler has enough information to generate the required pointer arithmetic for us: A + sizeof(T) * (n-1). Note that array indices are in the range 0 to n-1 for an array of n elements. Attempting to access elements outwith this range has undefined behaviour, so it is important that we take steps to ensure all indices are kept within the bounds of the array. For fixed-length arrays, we can simply use a constant to store the array length, but for variable-length arrays we must keep track of the length using a variable. To range-check a given index against a given length, n, the index must be in the closed range [0:n-1]. However, array index ranges are often denoted using half-closed notation, [0:n), which essentially means 0 <= index < n.
You cannot throw an array, only exceptions can be thrown. You access the thrown exception by catching it in a catch clause of a try...catch statement.