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There is no hard and fast rule that can determine an acid/base solely from the formula.

Some can be derived from knowing the electronegativities and bonding behaviour of the elements concerned; some can be determined from knowing the electronic configurations of the elements; some can be told simply from memory i.e. if you know it's an acid/base then it's an acid/base.

Some cannot be derived at all from the formula; amphoteric substances for example, will be either basic or acidic depending on the conditions, and some substances will only act in certain ways in certain conditions too.

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Q: How can you tell an acid or base or neither from a chemical formula?
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