A mutation can be considered a benefit to an organism in many ways. Depending on what the mutation is, this can help an organism escape death, or be faster, or even hide better from predators.
b: the organism, but not its offspring
Idk if this is the answer u want but this is true... Evolution is a result of DNA mutation, so it could benefit the life form, but here's a question for u, how do u know DNA is a double helix?
An organism could be affected by a DNA mutation in various ways, such as changes in physical characteristics, susceptibility to diseases, or altered metabolic processes. The specific effects depend on the location and nature of the mutation in the organism's DNA.
This mutation could cause a change in the protein produced by the gene, potentially leading to altered cell function or structure in the stomach. It could also impact the organism's digestion process or increase the risk of developing certain diseases related to the stomach.
The gene will code for a different protein than it should.
Not all mutations are harmful. A mutation the give the organism antibiotic resistance, for example, is quite helpful. A different mutation that causes a necessary protein to misfold may result in death. In general mutations that affect proteins that are necessary for life will result in the death of the organism. One such mutation is in the protein p53 which is necessary to prevent a cell from growing uncontrollable (cancer). A mutation in p53 could result in a cell with damaged DNA to reproduce - this is what we call cancer.
It depends on the mutation. Some mutations have no effect on survival, some mutations are lethal, and some mutations make an individual better adapted to its environment, so it will be more fit than those without the mutation, and therefore produce more offspring with the same mutation, which could change the allele frequency of a population.
Sex
Genetically modified organisms are modified on a genetic level to benefit humans. How this can pose a threat to a population or ecosystem, is that if the genetically modified organism were to somehow create a mutation, and pass that on, it could be damaging to the future generations in reducing their health or other issues may arise. It can also be damaging to an ecosystem if a genetically modified organism were to escape into a wild population and change it.
It only affects the offspring of the organism.
Sex
The main question to consider when evaluating the effect of a mutation is how it alters the organism's phenotype or function. This involves assessing whether the mutation impacts protein structure or function, gene regulation, or any other biological processes that could affect the organism.