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Climate change could mean warmer temperatures, causing heat stress in the flora or fauna of the ecosytem. It could mean more prolonged droughts, so that some species can not longer survive in the environment. It could alternatively mean more frequent floods, causing destruction of specimens and destabilising the ecosystem. Greater storm activity associated with climate change can also have a deleterious effect on some species, destabilising the ecosystem. Climate change can even favour one species over another and, if they are competitors or prey, create an imbalance that leads to extinction.

Introducing just one new usually has a lesser impact on an ecosystem, although any unforseen effect could result in localised disaster and widespread species extinction. Any loss of plant species could potentially lead to serious erosion and loss of topsoil and even, in the extreme, desertification.

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Q: How could climate change or new species affect an ecosystem's stability?
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