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A heliocentric model is a model of the planets' movements that places the Sun at the centre of the Solar System. Copernicus's model published in 1543 was the first heliocentric model. It resembled the Ptolemaic model in respect of the circles and epicycles that were used to explain the planets' movements. Kepler's model published in 1609 was also heliocentric, but it used planar elliptical orbits for the planets, which follow Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion. It is now the accepted model.
Because he was the first astronomer in modern times to devise a new model of the planets' orbits with the Sun at the centre. Copernicus's model of 1543 was rejected after Kepler's theory of 1609 was supported by later theories of dynamics, but Kepler retained the heliocentric principle and Copernicus's work was an important stage in the process of development of ideas.
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Copernicus produced the first heliocentric theory of the planets' movements among the stars in1543. He used the idea that the Sun is at the centre, plus a whole lot more detail that has now been superseded. The modern theory is that of Kepler (1609), which resembles the Copernicus model only in so far as it is also heliocentric.
Copernicus
Copernicus's theory did not fail but it was not as accurate as the Kepler model because it did not include elliptical orbits for the planets, as Kepler's model did. However the data for calculating the elliptical orbits did not become available until well after Copernicus's death so he had no chance of knowing about this change. Copernicus's model which used circles and epicycles was accurate to the standard of the observations that were available to him.
A heliocentric model is a model of the planets' movements that places the Sun at the centre of the Solar System. Copernicus's model published in 1543 was the first heliocentric model. It resembled the Ptolemaic model in respect of the circles and epicycles that were used to explain the planets' movements. Kepler's model published in 1609 was also heliocentric, but it used planar elliptical orbits for the planets, which follow Kepler's 3 laws of planetary motion. It is now the accepted model.
Because he was the first astronomer in modern times to devise a new model of the planets' orbits with the Sun at the centre. Copernicus's model of 1543 was rejected after Kepler's theory of 1609 was supported by later theories of dynamics, but Kepler retained the heliocentric principle and Copernicus's work was an important stage in the process of development of ideas.
Its main strength is that it is the model which is universally accepted by everyone. Copernicus put forward a heliocentric model that used circular orbits. That meant he couldn't completely eliminate all the complications of the old geocentric model, such as "epicycles". Later Kepler showed that the planets move in elliptical orbits. The basic idea of the heliocentric model is that the Sun is at the centre. One of the main strengths is the simplicity of the heliocentric model. Kepler's version (still used today) of the model with its elliptical orbits is particularly elegant and simple, with no epicycles.
Johanes Kepler was a German astronomer. He revised the heliocentric model by demonstrating that the orbits are ellipses. glad if that helped you out :) xx
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heliocentric system
The heliocentric model.
Johannes Kepler
heliocentric theory
Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus