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Feudalism developed some 350 years after the fall of the western part of the Roman Empire. It was the result of a period of warfare and political instability during the Carolingian Empire.

Under Frankish tradition, the empire was partitioned among the children of the incumbent emperor. This led to wars between the sons and often other close relatives got involved. The continuous warfare led to a collapse in central authority, the rise in the military power of aristocrats and the emergence of the feudal relationship between lords and vassals. The vassals were knights whose military support was sought by the lords in exchange for grants of land (feuds) to the vassals. As a result, the vassals acquired lands and became local landlords. They also fought alongside their lords. The instability also led to the phenomenon of encastlement. The minor aristocrats and the vassals sought refuge in castles in the countryside for defence against attacks by other warlords.

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11y ago
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9y ago

Europe did not have a central government when the western part of the Roman Empire fell. The former lands of this part of this empire were divided into kingdoms of the peoples who conquered them: the kingdom of the Vandals in Tunisia and eastern Libya, the Kingdom of the Visigoths in Spain and Portugal, the Kingdom of the Sueves in north-eastern Spain, the kingdom of the Burgundians in eastern France and the kingdom of the Franks in south-eastern, central and eastern France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Holland and central Germany. The rest of Germany was also divided into several states; the Alemanni were the main power in the south and the Saxons were the main power in the south. South-eastern Europe remained under the eastern part of the Roman Empire. Historians use the name Byzantine Empire to indicate this part of the Roman Empire after the fall of its western part. However, much of the Byzantine lands in Europe were invaded by the Slavic peoples. Eastern Europe was divided into Slavic states.

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Q: How did feudalism develop in Western Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire?
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