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It's extent from North Africa to Central Asia mandated the formation of 20 provinces each governed by a Persian governor, who had responsibility for development, taxation and maintaining internal peace and external security.
It's progressive expansion/conquest of the various territories which were incorporated into the empire over a period of fifty years each brought new territory, new geography, new peoples, new customs and new challenges to government. The Persians coped with this by retaining traditional local government, with Persian provincial governors for overall control and protection. Economic development proceeded, communications between provinces were improved, a common language Aramaic was introduced for official communication, armies and fleets were levied as necessary from the provinces for defence.
Persia and Iran are the same country. Iran (or Persia) has been changed geographically during 2500 years of Iranian history. The actual geography of Iran is roughly the same since 1500s: - to the north is Caspian sea and old Russian countries (since 1990, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Turkmenistan) - the east is Afghanistan and Pakistan - the west is Turkey and Iraq - the south is Persian Gulf and Oman sea
eastern mediterranean
The Persian gulf
The Persian civilization The Babylonians
Assyrian, Babylonian.
In the Persian wars which to civilizations fought in the battle of Plateau
The Assyrian, Babylonian and Hellenic.
Assyrian, Babylonian and part of the Greek world.
Nile, Euphrates, Tigris, Indus.
They were first absorbed into the Persian Empire, then the Roman Empire.
It limited Persian expansion westwards, and left the Greek city-states to go back to fighting each other.
There were several around the globe, Greece, China, Egypt, the Celts, Polynesia, Babilon.....
Think the Persian Empire
Minoan, Achaean, Egyptian, Persian.
The majority of the river civilizations of the ancient times had a King or an Emperor from the Sumer to Assyrian right through the Achaemenide Persian Empire.